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[asterisk/asterisk.git] / channels / chan_sip.c

/*
 * Asterisk -- An open source telephony toolkit.
 *
 * Copyright (C) 1999 - 2006, Digium, Inc.
 *
 * Mark Spencer <markster@digium.com>
 *
 * See http://www.asterisk.org for more information about
 * the Asterisk project. Please do not directly contact
 * any of the maintainers of this project for assistance;
 * the project provides a web site, mailing lists and IRC
 * channels for your use.
 *
 * This program is free software, distributed under the terms of
 * the GNU General Public License Version 2. See the LICENSE file
 * at the top of the source tree.
 */

/*!
 * \file
 * \brief Implementation of Session Initiation Protocol
 *
 * \author Mark Spencer <markster@digium.com>
 *
 * See Also:
 * \arg \ref AstCREDITS
 *
 * Implementation of RFC 3261 - without S/MIME, TCP and TLS support
 * Configuration file \link Config_sip sip.conf \endlink
 *
 *
 * \todo SIP over TCP
 * \todo SIP over TLS
 * \todo Better support of forking
 * \todo VIA branch tag transaction checking
 * \todo Transaction support
 *
 * \ingroup channel_drivers
 *
 * \par Overview of the handling of SIP sessions
 * The SIP channel handles several types of SIP sessions, or dialogs,
 * not all of them being "telephone calls".
 * - Incoming calls that will be sent to the PBX core
 * - Outgoing calls, generated by the PBX
 * - SIP subscriptions and notifications of states and voicemail messages
 * - SIP registrations, both inbound and outbound
 * - SIP peer management (peerpoke, OPTIONS)
 * - SIP text messages
 *
 * In the SIP channel, there's a list of active SIP dialogs, which includes
 * all of these when they are active. "sip show channels" in the CLI will
 * show most of these, excluding subscriptions which are shown by
 * "sip show subscriptions"
 *
 * \par incoming packets
 * Incoming packets are received in the monitoring thread, then handled by
 * sipsock_read(). This function parses the packet and matches an existing
 * dialog or starts a new SIP dialog.
 * 
 * sipsock_read sends the packet to handle_incoming(), that parses a bit more.
 * If it is a response to an outbound request, the packet is sent to handle_response().
 * If it is a request, handle_incoming() sends it to one of a list of functions
 * depending on the request type - INVITE, OPTIONS, REFER, BYE, CANCEL etc
 * sipsock_read locks the ast_channel if it exists (an active call) and
 * unlocks it after we have processed the SIP message.
 *
 * A new INVITE is sent to handle_request_invite(), that will end up
 * starting a new channel in the PBX, the new channel after that executing
 * in a separate channel thread. This is an incoming "call".
 * When the call is answered, either by a bridged channel or the PBX itself
 * the sip_answer() function is called.
 *
 * The actual media - Video or Audio - is mostly handled by the RTP subsystem
 * in rtp.c 
 * 
 * \par Outbound calls
 * Outbound calls are set up by the PBX through the sip_request_call()
 * function. After that, they are activated by sip_call().
 * 
 * \par Hanging up
 * The PBX issues a hangup on both incoming and outgoing calls through
 * the sip_hangup() function
 */


#include "asterisk.h"

ASTERISK_FILE_VERSION(__FILE__, "$Revision$")

#include <stdio.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <net/if.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <sys/signal.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <netinet/in_systm.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <netinet/ip.h>
#include <regex.h>

#include "asterisk/lock.h"
#include "asterisk/channel.h"
#include "asterisk/config.h"
#include "asterisk/logger.h"
#include "asterisk/module.h"
#include "asterisk/pbx.h"
#include "asterisk/options.h"
#include "asterisk/sched.h"
#include "asterisk/io.h"
#include "asterisk/rtp.h"
#include "asterisk/udptl.h"
#include "asterisk/acl.h"
#include "asterisk/manager.h"
#include "asterisk/callerid.h"
#include "asterisk/cli.h"
#include "asterisk/app.h"
#include "asterisk/musiconhold.h"
#include "asterisk/dsp.h"
#include "asterisk/features.h"
#include "asterisk/srv.h"
#include "asterisk/astdb.h"
#include "asterisk/causes.h"
#include "asterisk/utils.h"
#include "asterisk/file.h"
#include "asterisk/astobj.h"
#include "asterisk/dnsmgr.h"
#include "asterisk/devicestate.h"
#include "asterisk/linkedlists.h"
#include "asterisk/stringfields.h"
#include "asterisk/monitor.h"
#include "asterisk/netsock.h"
#include "asterisk/localtime.h"
#include "asterisk/abstract_jb.h"
#include "asterisk/compiler.h"
#include "asterisk/threadstorage.h"
#include "asterisk/translate.h"
#include "asterisk/version.h"
#include "asterisk/event.h"

#ifndef FALSE
#define FALSE    0
#endif

#ifndef TRUE
#define TRUE     1
#endif

#define XMIT_ERROR              -2

#define VIDEO_CODEC_MASK        0x1fc0000 /*!< Video codecs from H.261 thru AST_FORMAT_MAX_VIDEO */
#ifndef IPTOS_MINCOST
#define IPTOS_MINCOST           0x02
#endif

/* #define VOCAL_DATA_HACK */

#define DEFAULT_DEFAULT_EXPIRY  120
#define DEFAULT_MIN_EXPIRY      60
#define DEFAULT_MAX_EXPIRY      3600
#define DEFAULT_REGISTRATION_TIMEOUT 20
#define DEFAULT_MAX_FORWARDS    "70"

/* guard limit must be larger than guard secs */
/* guard min must be < 1000, and should be >= 250 */
#define EXPIRY_GUARD_SECS       15                /*!< How long before expiry do we reregister */
#define EXPIRY_GUARD_LIMIT      30                /*!< Below here, we use EXPIRY_GUARD_PCT instead of 
                                                         EXPIRY_GUARD_SECS */
#define EXPIRY_GUARD_MIN        500                /*!< This is the minimum guard time applied. If 
                                                   GUARD_PCT turns out to be lower than this, it 
                                                   will use this time instead.
                                                   This is in milliseconds. */
#define EXPIRY_GUARD_PCT        0.20                /*!< Percentage of expires timeout to use when 
                                                    below EXPIRY_GUARD_LIMIT */
#define DEFAULT_EXPIRY 900                          /*!< Expire slowly */

static int min_expiry = DEFAULT_MIN_EXPIRY;        /*!< Minimum accepted registration time */
static int max_expiry = DEFAULT_MAX_EXPIRY;        /*!< Maximum accepted registration time */
static int default_expiry = DEFAULT_DEFAULT_EXPIRY;
static int expiry = DEFAULT_EXPIRY;

#ifndef MAX
#define MAX(a,b) ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))
#endif

#define CALLERID_UNKNOWN        "Unknown"

#define DEFAULT_MAXMS                2000             /*!< Qualification: Must be faster than 2 seconds by default */
#define DEFAULT_FREQ_OK              60 * 1000        /*!< Qualification: How often to check for the host to be up */
#define DEFAULT_FREQ_NOTOK           10 * 1000        /*!< Qualification: How often to check, if the host is down... */

#define DEFAULT_RETRANS              1000             /*!< How frequently to retransmit Default: 2 * 500 ms in RFC 3261 */
#define MAX_RETRANS                  6                /*!< Try only 6 times for retransmissions, a total of 7 transmissions */
#define SIP_TIMER_T1                 500              /* SIP timer T1 (according to RFC 3261) */
#define SIP_TRANS_TIMEOUT            32000            /*!< SIP request timeout (rfc 3261) 64*T1 
                                                      \todo Use known T1 for timeout (peerpoke)
                                                      */
#define DEFAULT_TRANS_TIMEOUT        -1               /* Use default SIP transaction timeout */
#define MAX_AUTHTRIES                3                /*!< Try authentication three times, then fail */

#define SIP_MAX_HEADERS              64               /*!< Max amount of SIP headers to read */
#define SIP_MAX_LINES                64               /*!< Max amount of lines in SIP attachment (like SDP) */
#define SIP_MAX_PACKET               4096             /*!< Also from RFC 3261 (2543), should sub headers tho */

#define INITIAL_CSEQ                 101              /*!< our initial sip sequence number */

/*! \brief Global jitterbuffer configuration - by default, jb is disabled */
static struct ast_jb_conf default_jbconf =
{
        .flags = 0,
        .max_size = -1,
        .resync_threshold = -1,
        .impl = ""
};
static struct ast_jb_conf global_jbconf;

static const char config[] = "sip.conf";
static const char notify_config[] = "sip_notify.conf";

#define RTP     1
#define NO_RTP  0

/*! \brief Authorization scheme for call transfers 
\note Not a bitfield flag, since there are plans for other modes,
        like "only allow transfers for authenticated devices" */
enum transfermodes {
        TRANSFER_OPENFORALL,            /*!< Allow all SIP transfers */
        TRANSFER_CLOSED,                /*!< Allow no SIP transfers */
};


enum sip_result {
        AST_SUCCESS = 0,
        AST_FAILURE = -1,
};

/*! \brief States for the INVITE transaction, not the dialog 
        \note this is for the INVITE that sets up the dialog
*/
enum invitestates {
        INV_NONE = 0,           /*!< No state at all, maybe not an INVITE dialog */
        INV_CALLING = 1,        /*!< Invite sent, no answer */
        INV_PROCEEDING = 2,     /*!< We got/sent 1xx message */
        INV_EARLY_MEDIA = 3,    /*!< We got 18x message with to-tag back */
        INV_COMPLETED = 4,      /*!< Got final response with error. Wait for ACK, then CONFIRMED */
        INV_CONFIRMED = 5,      /*!< Confirmed response - we've got an ack (Incoming calls only) */
        INV_TERMINATED = 6,     /*!< Transaction done - either successful (AST_STATE_UP) or failed, but done 
                                     The only way out of this is a BYE from one side */
        INV_CANCELLED = 7,      /*!< Transaction cancelled by client or server in non-terminated state */
};

/* Do _NOT_ make any changes to this enum, or the array following it;
   if you think you are doing the right thing, you are probably
   not doing the right thing. If you think there are changes
   needed, get someone else to review them first _before_
   submitting a patch. If these two lists do not match properly
   bad things will happen.
*/

enum xmittype {
        XMIT_CRITICAL = 2,              /*!< Transmit critical SIP message reliably, with re-transmits.
                                              If it fails, it's critical and will cause a teardown of the session */
        XMIT_RELIABLE = 1,              /*!< Transmit SIP message reliably, with re-transmits */
        XMIT_UNRELIABLE = 0,            /*!< Transmit SIP message without bothering with re-transmits */
};

enum parse_register_result {
        PARSE_REGISTER_FAILED,
        PARSE_REGISTER_UPDATE,
        PARSE_REGISTER_QUERY,
};

enum subscriptiontype { 
        NONE = 0,
        XPIDF_XML,
        DIALOG_INFO_XML,
        CPIM_PIDF_XML,
        PIDF_XML,
        MWI_NOTIFICATION
};

static const struct cfsubscription_types {
        enum subscriptiontype type;
        const char * const event;
        const char * const mediatype;
        const char * const text;
} subscription_types[] = {
        { NONE,            "-",        "unknown",                    "unknown" },
        /* RFC 4235: SIP Dialog event package */
        { DIALOG_INFO_XML, "dialog",   "application/dialog-info+xml", "dialog-info+xml" },
        { CPIM_PIDF_XML,   "presence", "application/cpim-pidf+xml",   "cpim-pidf+xml" },  /* RFC 3863 */
        { PIDF_XML,        "presence", "application/pidf+xml",        "pidf+xml" },       /* RFC 3863 */
        { XPIDF_XML,       "presence", "application/xpidf+xml",       "xpidf+xml" },       /* Pre-RFC 3863 with MS additions */
        { MWI_NOTIFICATION,     "message-summary", "application/simple-message-summary", "mwi" } /* RFC 3842: Mailbox notification */
};

/*! \brief SIP Request methods known by Asterisk */
enum sipmethod {
        SIP_UNKNOWN,            /* Unknown response */
        SIP_RESPONSE,           /* Not request, response to outbound request */
        SIP_REGISTER,
        SIP_OPTIONS,
        SIP_NOTIFY,
        SIP_INVITE,
        SIP_ACK,
        SIP_PRACK,              /* Not supported at all */
        SIP_BYE,
        SIP_REFER,
        SIP_SUBSCRIBE,
        SIP_MESSAGE,
        SIP_UPDATE,             /* We can send UPDATE; but not accept it */
        SIP_INFO,
        SIP_CANCEL,
        SIP_PUBLISH,            /* Not supported at all */
        SIP_PING,               /* Not supported at all, no standard but still implemented out there */
};

/*! \brief Authentication types - proxy or www authentication 
        \note Endpoints, like Asterisk, should always use WWW authentication to
        allow multiple authentications in the same call - to the proxy and
        to the end point.
*/
enum sip_auth_type {
        PROXY_AUTH = 407,
        WWW_AUTH = 401,
};

/*! \brief Authentication result from check_auth* functions */
enum check_auth_result {
        AUTH_DONT_KNOW = -100,  /*!< no result, need to check further */
                /* XXX maybe this is the same as AUTH_NOT_FOUND */

        AUTH_SUCCESSFUL = 0,
        AUTH_CHALLENGE_SENT = 1,
        AUTH_SECRET_FAILED = -1,
        AUTH_USERNAME_MISMATCH = -2,
        AUTH_NOT_FOUND = -3,    /* returned by register_verify */
        AUTH_FAKE_AUTH = -4,
        AUTH_UNKNOWN_DOMAIN = -5,
        AUTH_PEER_NOT_DYNAMIC = -6,
        AUTH_ACL_FAILED = -7,
};

/*! \brief States for outbound registrations (with register= lines in sip.conf */
enum sipregistrystate {
        REG_STATE_UNREGISTERED = 0,     /*!< We are not registred */
                /* Initial state. We should have a timeout scheduled for the initial
                 * (or next) registration transmission, calling sip_reregister
                 */

        REG_STATE_REGSENT,      /*!< Registration request sent */
                /* sent initial request, waiting for an ack or a timeout to
                 * retransmit the initial request.
                */

        REG_STATE_AUTHSENT,     /*!< We have tried to authenticate */
                /* entered after transmit_register with auth info,
                 * waiting for an ack.
                 */

        REG_STATE_REGISTERED,   /*!< Registered and done */
        REG_STATE_REJECTED,     /*!< Registration rejected */
                /* only used when the remote party has an expire larger than
                 * our max-expire. This is a final state from which we do not
                 * recover (not sure how correctly).
                 */

        REG_STATE_TIMEOUT,      /*!< Registration timed out */
                /* XXX unused */

        REG_STATE_NOAUTH,       /*!< We have no accepted credentials */
                /* fatal - no chance to proceed */

        REG_STATE_FAILED,       /*!< Registration failed after several tries */
                /* fatal - no chance to proceed */
};

/*! \brief definition of a sip proxy server
 *
 * For outbound proxies, this is allocated in the SIP peer dynamically or
 * statically as the global_outboundproxy. The pointer in a SIP message is just
 * a pointer and should *not* be de-allocated.
 */
struct sip_proxy {
        char name[MAXHOSTNAMELEN];      /*!< DNS name of domain/host or IP */
        struct sockaddr_in ip;          /*!< Currently used IP address and port */
        time_t last_dnsupdate;          /*!< When this was resolved */
        int force;                      /*!< If it's an outbound proxy, Force use of this outbound proxy for all outbound requests */
        /* Room for a SRV record chain based on the name */
};

enum can_create_dialog {
        CAN_NOT_CREATE_DIALOG,
        CAN_CREATE_DIALOG,
        CAN_CREATE_DIALOG_UNSUPPORTED_METHOD,
};

/*! XXX Note that sip_methods[i].id == i must hold or the code breaks */
static const struct  cfsip_methods { 
        enum sipmethod id;
        int need_rtp;           /*!< when this is the 'primary' use for a pvt structure, does it need RTP? */
        char * const text;
        enum can_create_dialog can_create;
} sip_methods[] = {
        { SIP_UNKNOWN,   RTP,    "-UNKNOWN-",   CAN_CREATE_DIALOG },
        { SIP_RESPONSE,  NO_RTP, "SIP/2.0",     CAN_NOT_CREATE_DIALOG },
        { SIP_REGISTER,  NO_RTP, "REGISTER",    CAN_CREATE_DIALOG },
        { SIP_OPTIONS,   NO_RTP, "OPTIONS",     CAN_CREATE_DIALOG },
        { SIP_NOTIFY,    NO_RTP, "NOTIFY",      CAN_CREATE_DIALOG },
        { SIP_INVITE,    RTP,    "INVITE",      CAN_CREATE_DIALOG },
        { SIP_ACK,       NO_RTP, "ACK",         CAN_NOT_CREATE_DIALOG },
        { SIP_PRACK,     NO_RTP, "PRACK",       CAN_NOT_CREATE_DIALOG },
        { SIP_BYE,       NO_RTP, "BYE",         CAN_NOT_CREATE_DIALOG },
        { SIP_REFER,     NO_RTP, "REFER",       CAN_CREATE_DIALOG },
        { SIP_SUBSCRIBE, NO_RTP, "SUBSCRIBE",   CAN_CREATE_DIALOG },
        { SIP_MESSAGE,   NO_RTP, "MESSAGE",     CAN_CREATE_DIALOG },
        { SIP_UPDATE,    NO_RTP, "UPDATE",      CAN_NOT_CREATE_DIALOG },
        { SIP_INFO,      NO_RTP, "INFO",        CAN_NOT_CREATE_DIALOG },
        { SIP_CANCEL,    NO_RTP, "CANCEL",      CAN_NOT_CREATE_DIALOG },
        { SIP_PUBLISH,   NO_RTP, "PUBLISH",     CAN_CREATE_DIALOG_UNSUPPORTED_METHOD },
        { SIP_PING,      NO_RTP, "PING",        CAN_CREATE_DIALOG_UNSUPPORTED_METHOD }
};

/*!  Define SIP option tags, used in Require: and Supported: headers 
        We need to be aware of these properties in the phones to use 
        the replace: header. We should not do that without knowing
        that the other end supports it... 
        This is nothing we can configure, we learn by the dialog
        Supported: header on the REGISTER (peer) or the INVITE
        (other devices)
        We are not using many of these today, but will in the future.
        This is documented in RFC 3261
*/
#define SUPPORTED               1
#define NOT_SUPPORTED           0

#define SIP_OPT_REPLACES        (1 << 0)
#define SIP_OPT_100REL          (1 << 1)
#define SIP_OPT_TIMER           (1 << 2)
#define SIP_OPT_EARLY_SESSION   (1 << 3)
#define SIP_OPT_JOIN            (1 << 4)
#define SIP_OPT_PATH            (1 << 5)
#define SIP_OPT_PREF            (1 << 6)
#define SIP_OPT_PRECONDITION    (1 << 7)
#define SIP_OPT_PRIVACY         (1 << 8)
#define SIP_OPT_SDP_ANAT        (1 << 9)
#define SIP_OPT_SEC_AGREE       (1 << 10)
#define SIP_OPT_EVENTLIST       (1 << 11)
#define SIP_OPT_GRUU            (1 << 12)
#define SIP_OPT_TARGET_DIALOG   (1 << 13)
#define SIP_OPT_NOREFERSUB      (1 << 14)
#define SIP_OPT_HISTINFO        (1 << 15)
#define SIP_OPT_RESPRIORITY     (1 << 16)

/*! \brief List of well-known SIP options. If we get this in a require,
   we should check the list and answer accordingly. */
static const struct cfsip_options {
        int id;                 /*!< Bitmap ID */
        int supported;          /*!< Supported by Asterisk ? */
        char * const text;      /*!< Text id, as in standard */
} sip_options[] = {     /* XXX used in 3 places */
        /* RFC3891: Replaces: header for transfer */
        { SIP_OPT_REPLACES,     SUPPORTED,      "replaces" },   
        /* One version of Polycom firmware has the wrong label */
        { SIP_OPT_REPLACES,     SUPPORTED,      "replace" },    
        /* RFC3262: PRACK 100% reliability */
        { SIP_OPT_100REL,       NOT_SUPPORTED,  "100rel" },     
        /* RFC4028: SIP Session Timers */
        { SIP_OPT_TIMER,        NOT_SUPPORTED,  "timer" },
        /* RFC3959: SIP Early session support */
        { SIP_OPT_EARLY_SESSION, NOT_SUPPORTED, "early-session" },
        /* RFC3911: SIP Join header support */
        { SIP_OPT_JOIN,         NOT_SUPPORTED,  "join" },
        /* RFC3327: Path support */
        { SIP_OPT_PATH,         NOT_SUPPORTED,  "path" },
        /* RFC3840: Callee preferences */
        { SIP_OPT_PREF,         NOT_SUPPORTED,  "pref" },
        /* RFC3312: Precondition support */
        { SIP_OPT_PRECONDITION, NOT_SUPPORTED,  "precondition" },
        /* RFC3323: Privacy with proxies*/
        { SIP_OPT_PRIVACY,      NOT_SUPPORTED,  "privacy" },
        /* RFC4092: Usage of the SDP ANAT Semantics in the SIP */
        { SIP_OPT_SDP_ANAT,     NOT_SUPPORTED,  "sdp-anat" },
        /* RFC3329: Security agreement mechanism */
        { SIP_OPT_SEC_AGREE,    NOT_SUPPORTED,  "sec_agree" },
        /* SIMPLE events:  RFC4662 */
        { SIP_OPT_EVENTLIST,    NOT_SUPPORTED,  "eventlist" },
        /* GRUU: Globally Routable User Agent URI's */
        { SIP_OPT_GRUU,         NOT_SUPPORTED,  "gruu" },
        /* RFC4538: Target-dialog */
        { SIP_OPT_TARGET_DIALOG,NOT_SUPPORTED,  "tdialog" },
        /* Disable the REFER subscription, RFC 4488 */
        { SIP_OPT_NOREFERSUB,   NOT_SUPPORTED,  "norefersub" },
        /* ietf-sip-history-info-06.txt */
        { SIP_OPT_HISTINFO,     NOT_SUPPORTED,  "histinfo" },
        /* ietf-sip-resource-priority-10.txt */
        { SIP_OPT_RESPRIORITY,  NOT_SUPPORTED,  "resource-priority" },
};


/*! \brief SIP Methods we support */
#define ALLOWED_METHODS "INVITE, ACK, CANCEL, OPTIONS, BYE, REFER, SUBSCRIBE, NOTIFY"

/*! \brief SIP Extensions we support */
#define SUPPORTED_EXTENSIONS "replaces" 

/*! \brief Standard SIP port from RFC 3261. DO NOT CHANGE THIS */
#define STANDARD_SIP_PORT       5060
/* Note: in many SIP headers, absence of a port number implies port 5060,
 * and this is why we cannot change the above constant.
 * There is a limited number of places in asterisk where we could,
 * in principle, use a different "default" port number, but
 * we do not support this feature at the moment.
 */

/* Default values, set and reset in reload_config before reading configuration */
/* These are default values in the source. There are other recommended values in the
   sip.conf.sample for new installations. These may differ to keep backwards compatibility,
   yet encouraging new behaviour on new installations 
 */
#define DEFAULT_CONTEXT         "default"
#define DEFAULT_MOHINTERPRET    "default"
#define DEFAULT_MOHSUGGEST      ""
#define DEFAULT_VMEXTEN         "asterisk"
#define DEFAULT_CALLERID        "asterisk"
#define DEFAULT_NOTIFYMIME      "application/simple-message-summary"
#define DEFAULT_ALLOWGUEST      TRUE
#define DEFAULT_SRVLOOKUP       FALSE           /*!< Recommended setting is ON */
#define DEFAULT_COMPACTHEADERS  FALSE
#define DEFAULT_TOS_SIP         0               /*!< Call signalling packets should be marked as DSCP CS3, but the default is 0 to be compatible with previous versions. */
#define DEFAULT_TOS_AUDIO       0               /*!< Audio packets should be marked as DSCP EF (Expedited Forwarding), but the default is 0 to be compatible with previous versions. */
#define DEFAULT_TOS_VIDEO       0               /*!< Video packets should be marked as DSCP AF41, but the default is 0 to be compatible with previous versions. */
#define DEFAULT_TOS_TEXT        0               /*!< Text packets should be marked as XXXX XXXX, but the default is 0 to be compatible with previous versions. */
#define DEFAULT_COS_SIP         4
#define DEFAULT_COS_AUDIO       5
#define DEFAULT_COS_VIDEO       6
#define DEFAULT_COS_TEXT        0
#define DEFAULT_ALLOW_EXT_DOM   TRUE
#define DEFAULT_REALM           "asterisk"
#define DEFAULT_NOTIFYRINGING   TRUE
#define DEFAULT_PEDANTIC        FALSE
#define DEFAULT_AUTOCREATEPEER  FALSE
#define DEFAULT_QUALIFY         FALSE
#define DEFAULT_REGEXTENONQUALIFY FALSE
#define DEFAULT_T1MIN           100             /*!< 100 MS for minimal roundtrip time */
#define DEFAULT_MAX_CALL_BITRATE (384)          /*!< Max bitrate for video */
#ifndef DEFAULT_USERAGENT
#define DEFAULT_USERAGENT "Asterisk PBX"        /*!< Default Useragent: header unless re-defined in sip.conf */
#endif

/* Default setttings are used as a channel setting and as a default when
   configuring devices */
static char default_context[AST_MAX_CONTEXT];
static char default_subscribecontext[AST_MAX_CONTEXT];
static char default_language[MAX_LANGUAGE];
static char default_callerid[AST_MAX_EXTENSION];
static char default_fromdomain[AST_MAX_EXTENSION];
static char default_notifymime[AST_MAX_EXTENSION];
static int default_qualify;             /*!< Default Qualify= setting */
static char default_vmexten[AST_MAX_EXTENSION];
static char default_mohinterpret[MAX_MUSICCLASS];  /*!< Global setting for moh class to use when put on hold */
static char default_mohsuggest[MAX_MUSICCLASS];    /*!< Global setting for moh class to suggest when putting 
                                                    *   a bridged channel on hold */
static int default_maxcallbitrate;      /*!< Maximum bitrate for call */
static struct ast_codec_pref default_prefs;             /*!< Default codec prefs */

/*! \brief a place to store all global settings for the sip channel driver */
struct sip_settings {
        int peer_rtupdate;      /*!< G: Update database with registration data for peer? */
        int rtsave_sysname;     /*!< G: Save system name at registration? */
        int ignore_regexpire;   /*!< G: Ignore expiration of peer  */
};

static struct sip_settings sip_cfg;

/* Global settings only apply to the channel */
static int global_directrtpsetup;       /*!< Enable support for Direct RTP setup (no re-invites) */
static int global_limitonpeers;         /*!< Match call limit on peers only */
static int global_rtautoclear;
static int global_notifyringing;        /*!< Send notifications on ringing */
static int global_notifyhold;           /*!< Send notifications on hold */
static int global_alwaysauthreject;     /*!< Send 401 Unauthorized for all failing requests */
static int global_srvlookup;                    /*!< SRV Lookup on or off. Default is off, RFC behavior is on */
static int pedanticsipchecking;         /*!< Extra checking ?  Default off */
static int autocreatepeer;              /*!< Auto creation of peers at registration? Default off. */
static int global_match_auth_username;          /*!< Match auth username if available instead of From: Default off. */
static int global_relaxdtmf;                    /*!< Relax DTMF */
static int global_rtptimeout;           /*!< Time out call if no RTP */
static int global_rtpholdtimeout;
static int global_rtpkeepalive;         /*!< Send RTP keepalives */
static int global_reg_timeout;  
static int global_regattempts_max;      /*!< Registration attempts before giving up */
static int global_allowguest;           /*!< allow unauthenticated users/peers to connect? */
static int global_allowsubscribe;       /*!< Flag for disabling ALL subscriptions, this is FALSE only if all peers are FALSE 
                                            the global setting is in globals_flags[1] */
static unsigned int global_tos_sip;             /*!< IP type of service for SIP packets */
static unsigned int global_tos_audio;           /*!< IP type of service for audio RTP packets */
static unsigned int global_tos_video;           /*!< IP type of service for video RTP packets */
static unsigned int global_tos_text;            /*!< IP type of service for text RTP packets */
static unsigned int global_cos_sip;             /*!< 802.1p class of service for SIP packets */
static unsigned int global_cos_audio;           /*!< 802.1p class of service for audio RTP packets */
static unsigned int global_cos_video;           /*!< 802.1p class of service for video RTP packets */
static unsigned int global_cos_text;            /*!< 802.1p class of service for text RTP packets */
static int compactheaders;              /*!< send compact sip headers */
static int recordhistory;               /*!< Record SIP history. Off by default */
static int dumphistory;                 /*!< Dump history to verbose before destroying SIP dialog */
static char global_realm[MAXHOSTNAMELEN];               /*!< Default realm */
static char global_regcontext[AST_MAX_CONTEXT];         /*!< Context for auto-extensions */
static char global_useragent[AST_MAX_EXTENSION];        /*!< Useragent for the SIP channel */
static int allow_external_domains;      /*!< Accept calls to external SIP domains? */
static int global_callevents;           /*!< Whether we send manager events or not */
static int global_t1min;                /*!< T1 roundtrip time minimum */
static int global_regextenonqualify;  /*!< Whether to add/remove regexten when qualifying peers */
static int global_autoframing;          /*!< Turn autoframing on or off. */
static enum transfermodes global_allowtransfer; /*!< SIP Refer restriction scheme */
static struct sip_proxy global_outboundproxy;   /*!< Outbound proxy */

static int global_matchexterniplocally; /*!< Match externip/externhost setting against localnet setting */

/*! \brief Codecs that we support by default: */
static int global_capability = AST_FORMAT_ULAW | AST_FORMAT_ALAW | AST_FORMAT_GSM | AST_FORMAT_H263;

/* Object counters */
static int suserobjs = 0;                /*!< Static users */
static int ruserobjs = 0;                /*!< Realtime users */
static int speerobjs = 0;                /*!< Statis peers */
static int rpeerobjs = 0;                /*!< Realtime peers */
static int apeerobjs = 0;                /*!< Autocreated peer objects */
static int regobjs = 0;                  /*!< Registry objects */

static struct ast_flags global_flags[2] = {{0}};        /*!< global SIP_ flags */

AST_MUTEX_DEFINE_STATIC(netlock);

/*! \brief Protect the monitoring thread, so only one process can kill or start it, and not
   when it's doing something critical. */

AST_MUTEX_DEFINE_STATIC(monlock);

AST_MUTEX_DEFINE_STATIC(sip_reload_lock);

/*! \brief This is the thread for the monitor which checks for input on the channels
   which are not currently in use.  */
static pthread_t monitor_thread = AST_PTHREADT_NULL;

static int sip_reloading = FALSE;                       /*!< Flag for avoiding multiple reloads at the same time */
static enum channelreloadreason sip_reloadreason;       /*!< Reason for last reload/load of configuration */

static struct sched_context *sched;     /*!< The scheduling context */
static struct io_context *io;           /*!< The IO context */
static int *sipsock_read_id;            /*!< ID of IO entry for sipsock FD */

#define DEC_CALL_LIMIT  0
#define INC_CALL_LIMIT  1
#define DEC_CALL_RINGING 2
#define INC_CALL_RINGING 3

/*! \brief The data grabbed from the UDP socket
 * \verbatim
 * Incoming messages: we first store the data from the socket in data[],
 * adding a trailing \0 to make string parsing routines happy.
 * Then call parse_request() and req.method = find_sip_method();
 * to initialize the other fields. The \r\n at the end of each line is   
 * replaced by \0, so that data[] is not a conforming SIP message anymore.
 * After this processing, rlPart1 is set to non-NULL to remember
 * that we can run get_header() on this kind of packet.
 *
 * parse_request() splits the first line as follows:
 * Requests have in the first line      method uri SIP/2.0
 *      rlPart1 = method; rlPart2 = uri;
 * Responses have in the first line     SIP/2.0 NNN description
 *      rlPart1 = SIP/2.0; rlPart2 = NNN + description;
 *
 * For outgoing packets, we initialize the fields with init_req() or init_resp()
 * (which fills the first line to "METHOD uri SIP/2.0" or "SIP/2.0 code text"),
 * and then fill the rest with add_header() and add_line().
 * The \r\n at the end of the line are still there, so the get_header()
 * and similar functions don't work on these packets. 
 * \endverbatim
 */
struct sip_request {
        char *rlPart1;          /*!< SIP Method Name or "SIP/2.0" protocol version */
        char *rlPart2;          /*!< The Request URI or Response Status */
        int len;                /*!< bytes used in data[], excluding trailing null terminator. Rarely used. */
        int headers;            /*!< # of SIP Headers */
        int method;             /*!< Method of this request */
        int lines;              /*!< Body Content */
        unsigned int sdp_start; /*!< the line number where the SDP begins */
        unsigned int sdp_end;   /*!< the line number where the SDP ends */
        char debug;             /*!< print extra debugging if non zero */
        char has_to_tag;        /*!< non-zero if packet has To: tag */
        char ignore;            /*!< if non-zero This is a re-transmit, ignore it */
        char *header[SIP_MAX_HEADERS];
        char *line[SIP_MAX_LINES];
        char data[SIP_MAX_PACKET];
};

/*! \brief structure used in transfers */
struct sip_dual {
        struct ast_channel *chan1;      /*!< First channel involved */
        struct ast_channel *chan2;      /*!< Second channel involved */
        struct sip_request req;         /*!< Request that caused the transfer (REFER) */
        int seqno;                      /*!< Sequence number */
};

struct sip_pkt;

/*! \brief Parameters to the transmit_invite function */
struct sip_invite_param {
        int addsipheaders;              /*!< Add extra SIP headers */
        const char *uri_options;        /*!< URI options to add to the URI */
        const char *vxml_url;           /*!< VXML url for Cisco phones */
        char *auth;                     /*!< Authentication */
        char *authheader;               /*!< Auth header */
        enum sip_auth_type auth_type;   /*!< Authentication type */
        const char *replaces;           /*!< Replaces header for call transfers */
        int transfer;                   /*!< Flag - is this Invite part of a SIP transfer? (invite/replaces) */
};

/*! \brief Structure to save routing information for a SIP session */
struct sip_route {
        struct sip_route *next;
        char hop[0];
};

/*! \brief Modes for SIP domain handling in the PBX */
enum domain_mode {
        SIP_DOMAIN_AUTO,                /*!< This domain is auto-configured */
        SIP_DOMAIN_CONFIG,              /*!< This domain is from configuration */
};

/*! \brief Domain data structure. 
        \note In the future, we will connect this to a configuration tree specific
        for this domain
*/
struct domain {
        char domain[MAXHOSTNAMELEN];            /*!< SIP domain we are responsible for */
        char context[AST_MAX_EXTENSION];        /*!< Incoming context for this domain */
        enum domain_mode mode;                  /*!< How did we find this domain? */
        AST_LIST_ENTRY(domain) list;            /*!< List mechanics */
};

static AST_LIST_HEAD_STATIC(domain_list, domain);       /*!< The SIP domain list */


/*! \brief sip_history: Structure for saving transactions within a SIP dialog */
struct sip_history {
        AST_LIST_ENTRY(sip_history) list;
        char event[0];  /* actually more, depending on needs */
};

AST_LIST_HEAD_NOLOCK(sip_history_head, sip_history); /*!< history list, entry in sip_pvt */

/*! \brief sip_auth: Credentials for authentication to other SIP services */
struct sip_auth {
        char realm[AST_MAX_EXTENSION];  /*!< Realm in which these credentials are valid */
        char username[256];             /*!< Username */
        char secret[256];               /*!< Secret */
        char md5secret[256];            /*!< MD5Secret */
        struct sip_auth *next;          /*!< Next auth structure in list */
};

/*--- Various flags for the flags field in the pvt structure 
        Trying to sort these up (one or more of the following):
        D: Dialog
        P: Peer/user
        G: Global flag
        When flags are used by multiple structures, it is important that
        they have a common layout so it is easy to copy them.
*/
#define SIP_OUTGOING            (1 << 0)        /*!< D: Direction of the last transaction in this dialog */
#define SIP_RINGING             (1 << 2)        /*!< D: Have sent 180 ringing */
#define SIP_PROGRESS_SENT       (1 << 3)        /*!< D: Have sent 183 message progress */
#define SIP_NEEDREINVITE        (1 << 4)        /*!< D: Do we need to send another reinvite? */
#define SIP_PENDINGBYE          (1 << 5)        /*!< D: Need to send bye after we ack? */
#define SIP_GOTREFER            (1 << 6)        /*!< D: Got a refer? */
#define SIP_CALL_LIMIT          (1 << 7)        /*!< D: Call limit enforced for this call */
#define SIP_INC_COUNT           (1 << 8)        /*!< D: Did this dialog increment the counter of in-use calls? */
#define SIP_INC_RINGING         (1 << 9)        /*!< D: Did this connection increment the counter of in-use calls? */
#define SIP_DEFER_BYE_ON_TRANSFER       (1 << 11)       /*!< D: Do not hangup at first ast_hangup */

#define SIP_PROMISCREDIR        (1 << 12)       /*!< DP: Promiscuous redirection */
#define SIP_TRUSTRPID           (1 << 13)       /*!< DP: Trust RPID headers? */
#define SIP_USEREQPHONE         (1 << 14)       /*!< DP: Add user=phone to numeric URI. Default off */
#define SIP_USECLIENTCODE       (1 << 15)       /*!< DP: Trust X-ClientCode info message */

/* DTMF flags - see str2dtmfmode() and dtmfmode2str() */
#define SIP_DTMF                (3 << 16)       /*!< DP: DTMF Support: four settings, uses two bits */
#define SIP_DTMF_RFC2833        (0 << 16)       /*!< DP: DTMF Support: RTP DTMF - "rfc2833" */
#define SIP_DTMF_INBAND         (1 << 16)       /*!< DP: DTMF Support: Inband audio, only for ULAW/ALAW - "inband" */
#define SIP_DTMF_INFO           (2 << 16)       /*!< DP: DTMF Support: SIP Info messages - "info" */
#define SIP_DTMF_AUTO           (3 << 16)       /*!< DP: DTMF Support: AUTO switch between rfc2833 and in-band DTMF */

/* NAT settings - see nat2str() */
#define SIP_NAT                 (3 << 18)       /*!< DP: four settings, uses two bits */
#define SIP_NAT_NEVER           (0 << 18)       /*!< DP: No nat support */
#define SIP_NAT_RFC3581         (1 << 18)       /*!< DP: NAT RFC3581 */
#define SIP_NAT_ROUTE           (2 << 18)       /*!< DP: NAT Only ROUTE */
#define SIP_NAT_ALWAYS          (3 << 18)       /*!< DP: NAT Both ROUTE and RFC3581 */

/* re-INVITE related settings */
#define SIP_REINVITE            (7 << 20)       /*!< DP: three bits used */
#define SIP_CAN_REINVITE        (1 << 20)       /*!< DP: allow peers to be reinvited to send media directly p2p */
#define SIP_CAN_REINVITE_NAT    (2 << 20)       /*!< DP: allow media reinvite when new peer is behind NAT */
#define SIP_REINVITE_UPDATE     (4 << 20)       /*!< DP: use UPDATE (RFC3311) when reinviting this peer */

/* "insecure" settings - see insecure2str() */
#define SIP_INSECURE            (3 << 23)       /*!< DP: two bits used */
#define SIP_INSECURE_PORT       (1 << 23)       /*!< DP: don't require matching port for incoming requests */
#define SIP_INSECURE_INVITE     (1 << 24)       /*!< DP: don't require authentication for incoming INVITEs */

/* Sending PROGRESS in-band settings */
#define SIP_PROG_INBAND         (3 << 25)       /*!< DP: three settings, uses two bits */
#define SIP_PROG_INBAND_NEVER   (0 << 25)
#define SIP_PROG_INBAND_NO      (1 << 25)
#define SIP_PROG_INBAND_YES     (2 << 25)

#define SIP_SENDRPID            (1 << 29)       /*!< DP: Remote Party-ID Support */
#define SIP_G726_NONSTANDARD    (1 << 31)       /*!< DP: Use non-standard packing for G726-32 data */

/*! \brief Flags to copy from peer/user to dialog */
#define SIP_FLAGS_TO_COPY \
        (SIP_PROMISCREDIR | SIP_TRUSTRPID | SIP_SENDRPID | SIP_DTMF | SIP_REINVITE | \
         SIP_PROG_INBAND | SIP_USECLIENTCODE | SIP_NAT | SIP_G726_NONSTANDARD | \
         SIP_USEREQPHONE | SIP_INSECURE)

/*--- a new page of flags (for flags[1] */
/* realtime flags */
#define SIP_PAGE2_RTCACHEFRIENDS        (1 << 0)        /*!< GP: Should we keep RT objects in memory for extended time? */
#define SIP_PAGE2_RTAUTOCLEAR           (1 << 2)        /*!< GP: Should we clean memory from peers after expiry? */
/* Space for addition of other realtime flags in the future */

#define SIP_PAGE2_VIDEOSUPPORT          (1 << 15)       /*!< DP: Video supported if offered? */
#define SIP_PAGE2_ALLOWSUBSCRIBE        (1 << 16)       /*!< GP: Allow subscriptions from this peer? */
#define SIP_PAGE2_ALLOWOVERLAP          (1 << 17)       /*!< DP: Allow overlap dialing ? */
#define SIP_PAGE2_SUBSCRIBEMWIONLY      (1 << 18)       /*!< GP: Only issue MWI notification if subscribed to */

#define SIP_PAGE2_T38SUPPORT            (7 << 20)       /*!< GDP: T38 Fax Passthrough Support */
#define SIP_PAGE2_T38SUPPORT_UDPTL      (1 << 20)       /*!< GDP: T38 Fax Passthrough Support */
#define SIP_PAGE2_T38SUPPORT_RTP        (2 << 20)       /*!< GDP: T38 Fax Passthrough Support (not implemented) */
#define SIP_PAGE2_T38SUPPORT_TCP        (4 << 20)       /*!< GDP: T38 Fax Passthrough Support (not implemented) */

#define SIP_PAGE2_CALL_ONHOLD           (3 << 23)       /*!< D: Call hold states: */
#define SIP_PAGE2_CALL_ONHOLD_ACTIVE    (1 << 23)       /*!< D: Active hold */
#define SIP_PAGE2_CALL_ONHOLD_ONEDIR    (2 << 23)       /*!< D: One directional hold */
#define SIP_PAGE2_CALL_ONHOLD_INACTIVE  (3 << 23)       /*!< D: Inactive hold */

#define SIP_PAGE2_RFC2833_COMPENSATE    (1 << 25)       /*!< DP: Compensate for buggy RFC2833 implementations */
#define SIP_PAGE2_BUGGY_MWI             (1 << 26)       /*!< DP: Buggy CISCO MWI fix */
#define SIP_PAGE2_TEXTSUPPORT           (1 << 28)       /*!< GDP: Global text enable */
#define SIP_PAGE2_REGISTERTRYING        (1 << 29)       /*!< DP: Send 100 Trying on REGISTER attempts */

#define SIP_PAGE2_FLAGS_TO_COPY \
        (SIP_PAGE2_ALLOWSUBSCRIBE | SIP_PAGE2_ALLOWOVERLAP | SIP_PAGE2_VIDEOSUPPORT | \
        SIP_PAGE2_T38SUPPORT | SIP_PAGE2_RFC2833_COMPENSATE | SIP_PAGE2_BUGGY_MWI | \
        SIP_PAGE2_TEXTSUPPORT )


/* T.38 set of flags */
#define T38FAX_FILL_BIT_REMOVAL                 (1 << 0)        /*!< Default: 0 (unset)*/
#define T38FAX_TRANSCODING_MMR                  (1 << 1)        /*!< Default: 0 (unset)*/
#define T38FAX_TRANSCODING_JBIG                 (1 << 2)        /*!< Default: 0 (unset)*/
/* Rate management */
#define T38FAX_RATE_MANAGEMENT_TRANSFERED_TCF   (0 << 3)
#define T38FAX_RATE_MANAGEMENT_LOCAL_TCF        (1 << 3)        /*!< Unset for transferredTCF (UDPTL), set for localTCF (TPKT) */
/* UDP Error correction */
#define T38FAX_UDP_EC_NONE                      (0 << 4)        /*!< two bits, if unset NO t38UDPEC field in T38 SDP*/
#define T38FAX_UDP_EC_FEC                       (1 << 4)        /*!< Set for t38UDPFEC */
#define T38FAX_UDP_EC_REDUNDANCY                (2 << 4)        /*!< Set for t38UDPRedundancy */
/* T38 Spec version */
#define T38FAX_VERSION                          (3 << 6)        /*!< two bits, 2 values so far, up to 4 values max */
#define T38FAX_VERSION_0                        (0 << 6)        /*!< Version 0 */
#define T38FAX_VERSION_1                        (1 << 6)        /*!< Version 1 */
/* Maximum Fax Rate */
#define T38FAX_RATE_2400                        (1 << 8)        /*!< 2400 bps t38FaxRate */
#define T38FAX_RATE_4800                        (1 << 9)        /*!< 4800 bps t38FaxRate */
#define T38FAX_RATE_7200                        (1 << 10)       /*!< 7200 bps t38FaxRate */
#define T38FAX_RATE_9600                        (1 << 11)       /*!< 9600 bps t38FaxRate */
#define T38FAX_RATE_12000                       (1 << 12)       /*!< 12000 bps t38FaxRate */
#define T38FAX_RATE_14400                       (1 << 13)       /*!< 14400 bps t38FaxRate */

/*!< This is default: NO MMR and JBIG transcoding, NO fill bit removal, transferredTCF TCF, UDP FEC, Version 0 and 9600 max fax rate */
static int global_t38_capability = T38FAX_VERSION_0 | T38FAX_RATE_2400 | T38FAX_RATE_4800 | T38FAX_RATE_7200 | T38FAX_RATE_9600;

/*! \brief debugging state
 * We store separately the debugging requests from the config file
 * and requests from the CLI. Debugging is enabled if either is set
 * (which means that if sipdebug is set in the config file, we can
 * only turn it off by reloading the config).
 */
enum sip_debug_e {
        sip_debug_none = 0,
        sip_debug_config = 1,
        sip_debug_console = 2,
};

static enum sip_debug_e sipdebug;

/*! \brief extra debugging for 'text' related events.
 * At thie moment this is set together with sip_debug_console.
 * It should either go away or be implemented properly.
 */
static int sipdebug_text;

/*! \brief T38 States for a call */
enum t38state {
        T38_DISABLED = 0,                /*!< Not enabled */
        T38_LOCAL_DIRECT,                /*!< Offered from local */
        T38_LOCAL_REINVITE,              /*!< Offered from local - REINVITE */
        T38_PEER_DIRECT,                 /*!< Offered from peer */
        T38_PEER_REINVITE,               /*!< Offered from peer - REINVITE */
        T38_ENABLED                      /*!< Negotiated (enabled) */
};

/*! \brief T.38 channel settings (at some point we need to make this alloc'ed */
struct t38properties {
        struct ast_flags t38support;    /*!< Flag for udptl, rtp or tcp support for this session */
        int capability;                 /*!< Our T38 capability */
        int peercapability;             /*!< Peers T38 capability */
        int jointcapability;            /*!< Supported T38 capability at both ends */
        enum t38state state;            /*!< T.38 state */
};

/*! \brief Parameters to know status of transfer */
enum referstatus {
        REFER_IDLE,                    /*!< No REFER is in progress */
        REFER_SENT,                    /*!< Sent REFER to transferee */
        REFER_RECEIVED,                /*!< Received REFER from transferrer */
        REFER_CONFIRMED,               /*!< Refer confirmed with a 100 TRYING (unused) */
        REFER_ACCEPTED,                /*!< Accepted by transferee */
        REFER_RINGING,                 /*!< Target Ringing */
        REFER_200OK,                   /*!< Answered by transfer target */
        REFER_FAILED,                  /*!< REFER declined - go on */
        REFER_NOAUTH                   /*!< We had no auth for REFER */
};

/*! \brief generic struct to map between strings and integers.
 * Fill it with x-s pairs, terminate with an entry with s = NULL;
 * Then you can call map_x_s(...) to map an integer to a string,
 * and map_s_x() for the string -> integer mapping.
 */
struct _map_x_s {
        int x;
        const char *s;
};              

static const struct _map_x_s referstatusstrings[] = {
        { REFER_IDLE,           "<none>" },
        { REFER_SENT,           "Request sent" },
        { REFER_RECEIVED,       "Request received" },
        { REFER_CONFIRMED,      "Confirmed" },
        { REFER_ACCEPTED,       "Accepted" },
        { REFER_RINGING,        "Target ringing" },
        { REFER_200OK,          "Done" },
        { REFER_FAILED,         "Failed" },
        { REFER_NOAUTH,         "Failed - auth failure" },
        { -1,                   NULL} /* terminator */
};

/*! \brief Structure to handle SIP transfers. Dynamically allocated when needed
        \note OEJ: Should be moved to string fields */
struct sip_refer {
        char refer_to[AST_MAX_EXTENSION];               /*!< Place to store REFER-TO extension */
        char refer_to_domain[AST_MAX_EXTENSION];        /*!< Place to store REFER-TO domain */
        char refer_to_urioption[AST_MAX_EXTENSION];     /*!< Place to store REFER-TO uri options */
        char refer_to_context[AST_MAX_EXTENSION];       /*!< Place to store REFER-TO context */
        char referred_by[AST_MAX_EXTENSION];            /*!< Place to store REFERRED-BY extension */
        char referred_by_name[AST_MAX_EXTENSION];       /*!< Place to store REFERRED-BY extension */
        char refer_contact[AST_MAX_EXTENSION];          /*!< Place to store Contact info from a REFER extension */
        char replaces_callid[BUFSIZ];                   /*!< Replace info: callid */
        char replaces_callid_totag[BUFSIZ/2];           /*!< Replace info: to-tag */
        char replaces_callid_fromtag[BUFSIZ/2];         /*!< Replace info: from-tag */
        struct sip_pvt *refer_call;                     /*!< Call we are referring. This is just a reference to a
                                                         * dialog owned by someone else, so we should not destroy
                                                         * it when the sip_refer object goes.
                                                         */
        int attendedtransfer;                           /*!< Attended or blind transfer? */
        int localtransfer;                              /*!< Transfer to local domain? */
        enum referstatus status;                        /*!< REFER status */
};

/*! \brief sip_pvt: structures used for each SIP dialog, ie. a call, a registration, a subscribe.
 * Created and initialized by sip_alloc(), the descriptor goes into the list of
 * descriptors (dialoglist).
 */
struct sip_pvt {
        struct sip_pvt *next;                   /*!< Next dialog in chain */
        ast_mutex_t pvt_lock;                   /*!< Dialog private lock */
        enum invitestates invitestate;          /*!< Track state of SIP_INVITEs */
        int method;                             /*!< SIP method that opened this dialog */
        AST_DECLARE_STRING_FIELDS(
                AST_STRING_FIELD(callid);       /*!< Global CallID */
                AST_STRING_FIELD(randdata);     /*!< Random data */
                AST_STRING_FIELD(accountcode);  /*!< Account code */
                AST_STRING_FIELD(realm);        /*!< Authorization realm */
                AST_STRING_FIELD(nonce);        /*!< Authorization nonce */
                AST_STRING_FIELD(opaque);       /*!< Opaque nonsense */
                AST_STRING_FIELD(qop);          /*!< Quality of Protection, since SIP wasn't complicated enough yet. */
                AST_STRING_FIELD(domain);       /*!< Authorization domain */
                AST_STRING_FIELD(from);         /*!< The From: header */
                AST_STRING_FIELD(useragent);    /*!< User agent in SIP request */
                AST_STRING_FIELD(exten);        /*!< Extension where to start */
                AST_STRING_FIELD(context);      /*!< Context for this call */
                AST_STRING_FIELD(subscribecontext); /*!< Subscribecontext */
                AST_STRING_FIELD(subscribeuri); /*!< Subscribecontext */
                AST_STRING_FIELD(fromdomain);   /*!< Domain to show in the from field */
                AST_STRING_FIELD(fromuser);     /*!< User to show in the user field */
                AST_STRING_FIELD(fromname);     /*!< Name to show in the user field */
                AST_STRING_FIELD(tohost);       /*!< Host we should put in the "to" field */
                AST_STRING_FIELD(language);     /*!< Default language for this call */
                AST_STRING_FIELD(mohinterpret); /*!< MOH class to use when put on hold */
                AST_STRING_FIELD(mohsuggest);   /*!< MOH class to suggest when putting a peer on hold */
                AST_STRING_FIELD(rdnis);        /*!< Referring DNIS */
                AST_STRING_FIELD(redircause);   /*!< Referring cause */
                AST_STRING_FIELD(theirtag);     /*!< Their tag */
                AST_STRING_FIELD(username);     /*!< [user] name */
                AST_STRING_FIELD(peername);     /*!< [peer] name, not set if [user] */
                AST_STRING_FIELD(authname);     /*!< Who we use for authentication */
                AST_STRING_FIELD(uri);          /*!< Original requested URI */
                AST_STRING_FIELD(okcontacturi); /*!< URI from the 200 OK on INVITE */
                AST_STRING_FIELD(peersecret);   /*!< Password */
                AST_STRING_FIELD(peermd5secret);
                AST_STRING_FIELD(cid_num);      /*!< Caller*ID number */
                AST_STRING_FIELD(cid_name);     /*!< Caller*ID name */
                AST_STRING_FIELD(via);          /*!< Via: header */
                AST_STRING_FIELD(fullcontact);  /*!< The Contact: that the UA registers with us */
                        /* we only store the part in <brackets> in this field. */
                AST_STRING_FIELD(our_contact);  /*!< Our contact header */
                AST_STRING_FIELD(rpid);         /*!< Our RPID header */
                AST_STRING_FIELD(rpid_from);    /*!< Our RPID From header */
                AST_STRING_FIELD(url);          /*!< URL to be sent with next message to peer */
        );
        unsigned int ocseq;                     /*!< Current outgoing seqno */
        unsigned int icseq;                     /*!< Current incoming seqno */
        ast_group_t callgroup;                  /*!< Call group */
        ast_group_t pickupgroup;                /*!< Pickup group */
        int lastinvite;                         /*!< Last Cseq of invite */
        struct ast_flags flags[2];              /*!< SIP_ flags */

        /* boolean or small integers that don't belong in flags */
        char do_history;                        /*!< Set if we want to record history */
        char alreadygone;                       /*!< already destroyed by our peer */
        char needdestroy;                       /*!< need to be destroyed by the monitor thread */
        char outgoing_call;                     /*!< this is an outgoing call */
        char answered_elsewhere;                /*!< This call is cancelled due to answer on another channel */
        char novideo;                           /*!< Didn't get video in invite, don't offer */
        char notext;                            /*!< Text not supported  (?) */

        int timer_t1;                           /*!< SIP timer T1, ms rtt */
        unsigned int sipoptions;                /*!< Supported SIP options on the other end */
        struct ast_codec_pref prefs;            /*!< codec prefs */
        int capability;                         /*!< Special capability (codec) */
        int jointcapability;                    /*!< Supported capability at both ends (codecs) */
        int peercapability;                     /*!< Supported peer capability */
        int prefcodec;                          /*!< Preferred codec (outbound only) */
        int noncodeccapability;                 /*!< DTMF RFC2833 telephony-event */
        int jointnoncodeccapability;            /*!< Joint Non codec capability */
        int redircodecs;                        /*!< Redirect codecs */
        int maxcallbitrate;                     /*!< Maximum Call Bitrate for Video Calls */    
        struct sip_proxy *outboundproxy;        /*!< Outbound proxy for this dialog */
        struct t38properties t38;               /*!< T38 settings */
        struct sockaddr_in udptlredirip;        /*!< Where our T.38 UDPTL should be going if not to us */
        struct ast_udptl *udptl;                /*!< T.38 UDPTL session */
        int callingpres;                        /*!< Calling presentation */
        int authtries;                          /*!< Times we've tried to authenticate */
        int expiry;                             /*!< How long we take to expire */
        long branch;                            /*!< The branch identifier of this session */
        char tag[11];                           /*!< Our tag for this session */
        int sessionid;                          /*!< SDP Session ID */
        int sessionversion;                     /*!< SDP Session Version */
        struct sockaddr_in sa;                  /*!< Our peer */
        struct sockaddr_in redirip;             /*!< Where our RTP should be going if not to us */
        struct sockaddr_in vredirip;            /*!< Where our Video RTP should be going if not to us */
        struct sockaddr_in tredirip;            /*!< Where our Text RTP should be going if not to us */
        time_t lastrtprx;                       /*!< Last RTP received */
        time_t lastrtptx;                       /*!< Last RTP sent */
        int rtptimeout;                         /*!< RTP timeout time */
        struct sockaddr_in recv;                /*!< Received as */
        struct sockaddr_in ourip;               /*!< Our IP (as seen from the outside) */
        struct ast_channel *owner;              /*!< Who owns us (if we have an owner) */
        struct sip_route *route;                /*!< Head of linked list of routing steps (fm Record-Route) */
        int route_persistant;                   /*!< Is this the "real" route? */
        struct sip_auth *peerauth;              /*!< Realm authentication */
        int noncecount;                         /*!< Nonce-count */
        char lastmsg[256];                      /*!< Last Message sent/received */
        int amaflags;                           /*!< AMA Flags */
        int pendinginvite;                      /*!< Any pending invite ? (seqno of this) */
        struct sip_request initreq;             /*!< Latest request that opened a new transaction
                                                        within this dialog.
                                                        NOT the request that opened the dialog
                                                */
        
        int initid;                             /*!< Auto-congest ID if appropriate (scheduler) */
        int autokillid;                         /*!< Auto-kill ID (scheduler) */
        enum transfermodes allowtransfer;       /*!< REFER: restriction scheme */
        struct sip_refer *refer;                /*!< REFER: SIP transfer data structure */
        enum subscriptiontype subscribed;       /*!< SUBSCRIBE: Is this dialog a subscription?  */
        int stateid;                            /*!< SUBSCRIBE: ID for devicestate subscriptions */
        int laststate;                          /*!< SUBSCRIBE: Last known extension state */
        int dialogver;                          /*!< SUBSCRIBE: Version for subscription dialog-info */
        
        struct ast_dsp *vad;                    /*!< Inband DTMF Detection dsp */
        
        struct sip_peer *relatedpeer;           /*!< If this dialog is related to a peer, which one 
                                                        Used in peerpoke, mwi subscriptions */
        struct sip_registry *registry;          /*!< If this is a REGISTER dialog, to which registry */
        struct ast_rtp *rtp;                    /*!< RTP Session */
        struct ast_rtp *vrtp;                   /*!< Video RTP session */
        struct ast_rtp *trtp;                   /*!< Text RTP session */
        struct sip_pkt *packets;                /*!< Packets scheduled for re-transmission */
        struct sip_history_head *history;       /*!< History of this SIP dialog */
        size_t history_entries;                 /*!< Number of entires in the history */
        struct ast_variable *chanvars;          /*!< Channel variables to set for inbound call */
        struct sip_invite_param *options;       /*!< Options for INVITE */
        int autoframing;                        /*!< The number of Asters we group in a Pyroflax
                                                        before strolling to the Grokyzpå
                                                        (A bit unsure of this, please correct if
                                                        you know more) */
};

/*! Max entires in the history list for a sip_pvt */
#define MAX_HISTORY_ENTRIES 50

/*!
 * Here we implement the container for dialogs (sip_pvt), defining
 * generic wrapper functions to ease the transition from the current
 * implementation (a single linked list) to a different container.
 * In addition to a reference to the container, we need functions to lock/unlock
 * the container and individual items, and functions to add/remove
 * references to the individual items.
 */
static struct sip_pvt *dialoglist = NULL;

/*! \brief Protect the SIP dialog list (of sip_pvt's) */
AST_MUTEX_DEFINE_STATIC(dialoglock);

#ifndef DETECT_DEADLOCKS
/*! \brief hide the way the list is locked/unlocked */
static void dialoglist_lock(void)
{
        ast_mutex_lock(&dialoglock);
}

static void dialoglist_unlock(void)
{
        ast_mutex_unlock(&dialoglock);
}
#else
/* we don't want to HIDE the information about where the lock was requested if trying to debug 
 * deadlocks!  So, just make these macros! */
#define dialoglist_lock(x) ast_mutex_lock(&dialoglock)
#define dialoglist_unlock(x) ast_mutex_unlock(&dialoglock)
#endif

/*!
 * when we create or delete references, make sure to use these
 * functions so we keep track of the refcounts.
 * To simplify the code, we allow a NULL to be passed to dialog_unref().
 */
static struct sip_pvt *dialog_ref(struct sip_pvt *p)
{
        return p;
}

static struct sip_pvt *dialog_unref(struct sip_pvt *p)
{
        return NULL;
}

/*! \brief sip packet - raw format for outbound packets that are sent or scheduled for transmission
 * Packets are linked in a list, whose head is in the struct sip_pvt they belong to.
 * Each packet holds a reference to the parent struct sip_pvt.
 * This structure is allocated in __sip_reliable_xmit() and only for packets that
 * require retransmissions.
 */
struct sip_pkt {
        struct sip_pkt *next;                   /*!< Next packet in linked list */
        int retrans;                            /*!< Retransmission number */
        int method;                             /*!< SIP method for this packet */
        int seqno;                              /*!< Sequence number */
        char is_resp;                           /*!< 1 if this is a response packet (e.g. 200 OK), 0 if it is a request */
        char is_fatal;                          /*!< non-zero if there is a fatal error */
        struct sip_pvt *owner;                  /*!< Owner AST call */
        int retransid;                          /*!< Retransmission ID */
        int timer_a;                            /*!< SIP timer A, retransmission timer */
        int timer_t1;                           /*!< SIP Timer T1, estimated RTT or 500 ms */
        int packetlen;                          /*!< Length of packet */
        char data[0];
};      

/*! \brief Structure for SIP user data. User's place calls to us */
struct sip_user {
        /* Users who can access various contexts */
        ASTOBJ_COMPONENTS(struct sip_user);
        char secret[80];                /*!< Password */
        char md5secret[80];             /*!< Password in md5 */
        char context[AST_MAX_CONTEXT];  /*!< Default context for incoming calls */
        char subscribecontext[AST_MAX_CONTEXT]; /* Default context for subscriptions */
        char cid_num[80];               /*!< Caller ID num */
        char cid_name[80];              /*!< Caller ID name */
        char accountcode[AST_MAX_ACCOUNT_CODE]; /* Account code */
        char language[MAX_LANGUAGE];    /*!< Default language for this user */
        char mohinterpret[MAX_MUSICCLASS];/*!< Music on Hold class */
        char mohsuggest[MAX_MUSICCLASS];/*!< Music on Hold class */
        char useragent[256];            /*!< User agent in SIP request */
        struct ast_codec_pref prefs;    /*!< codec prefs */
        ast_group_t callgroup;          /*!< Call group */
        ast_group_t pickupgroup;        /*!< Pickup Group */
        unsigned int sipoptions;        /*!< Supported SIP options */
        struct ast_flags flags[2];      /*!< SIP_ flags */

        /* things that don't belong in flags */
        char is_realtime;               /*!< this is a 'realtime' user */

        int amaflags;                   /*!< AMA flags for billing */
        int callingpres;                /*!< Calling id presentation */
        int capability;                 /*!< Codec capability */
        int inUse;                      /*!< Number of calls in use */
        int call_limit;                 /*!< Limit of concurrent calls */
        enum transfermodes allowtransfer;       /*! SIP Refer restriction scheme */
        struct ast_ha *ha;              /*!< ACL setting */
        struct ast_variable *chanvars;  /*!< Variables to set for channel created by user */
        int maxcallbitrate;             /*!< Maximum Bitrate for a video call */
        int autoframing;
};

/*!
 * \brief A peer's mailbox
 *
 * We could use STRINGFIELDS here, but for only two strings, it seems like
 * too much effort ...
 */
struct sip_mailbox {
        char *mailbox;
        char *context;
        /*! Associated MWI subscription */
        struct ast_event_sub *event_sub;
        AST_LIST_ENTRY(sip_mailbox) entry;
};

/*! \brief Structure for SIP peer data, we place calls to peers if registered  or fixed IP address (host) */
/* XXX field 'name' must be first otherwise sip_addrcmp() will fail */
struct sip_peer {
        ASTOBJ_COMPONENTS(struct sip_peer);     /*!< name, refcount, objflags,  object pointers */
                                        /*!< peer->name is the unique name of this object */
        char secret[80];                /*!< Password */
        char md5secret[80];             /*!< Password in MD5 */
        struct sip_auth *auth;          /*!< Realm authentication list */
        char context[AST_MAX_CONTEXT];  /*!< Default context for incoming calls */
        char subscribecontext[AST_MAX_CONTEXT]; /*!< Default context for subscriptions */
        char username[80];              /*!< Temporary username until registration */ 
        char accountcode[AST_MAX_ACCOUNT_CODE]; /*!< Account code */
        int amaflags;                   /*!< AMA Flags (for billing) */
        char tohost[MAXHOSTNAMELEN];    /*!< If not dynamic, IP address */
        char regexten[AST_MAX_EXTENSION]; /*!< Extension to register (if regcontext is used) */
        char fromuser[80];              /*!< From: user when calling this peer */
        char fromdomain[MAXHOSTNAMELEN];        /*!< From: domain when calling this peer */
        char fullcontact[256];          /*!< Contact registered with us (not in sip.conf) */
        char cid_num[80];               /*!< Caller ID num */
        char cid_name[80];              /*!< Caller ID name */
        int callingpres;                /*!< Calling id presentation */
        int inUse;                      /*!< Number of calls in use */
        int inRinging;                  /*!< Number of calls ringing */
        int onHold;                     /*!< Peer has someone on hold */
        int call_limit;                 /*!< Limit of concurrent calls */
        int busy_level;                 /*!< Level of active channels where we signal busy */
        enum transfermodes allowtransfer;       /*! SIP Refer restriction scheme */
        char vmexten[AST_MAX_EXTENSION]; /*!< Dialplan extension for MWI notify message*/
        char language[MAX_LANGUAGE];    /*!<  Default language for prompts */
        char mohinterpret[MAX_MUSICCLASS];/*!<  Music on Hold class */
        char mohsuggest[MAX_MUSICCLASS];/*!<  Music on Hold class */
        char useragent[256];            /*!<  User agent in SIP request (saved from registration) */
        struct ast_codec_pref prefs;    /*!<  codec prefs */
        int lastmsgssent;
        unsigned int sipoptions;        /*!<  Supported SIP options */
        struct ast_flags flags[2];      /*!<  SIP_ flags */
        
        /*! Mailboxes that this peer cares about */
        AST_LIST_HEAD_NOLOCK(, sip_mailbox) mailboxes;

        /* things that don't belong in flags */
        char is_realtime;               /*!< this is a 'realtime' peer */
        char rt_fromcontact;            /*!< P: copy fromcontact from realtime */
        char host_dynamic;              /*!< P: Dynamic Peers register with Asterisk */
        char selfdestruct;              /*!< P: Automatic peers need to destruct themselves */

        int expire;                     /*!<  When to expire this peer registration */
        int capability;                 /*!<  Codec capability */
        int rtptimeout;                 /*!<  RTP timeout */
        int rtpholdtimeout;             /*!<  RTP Hold Timeout */
        int rtpkeepalive;               /*!<  Send RTP packets for keepalive */
        ast_group_t callgroup;          /*!<  Call group */
        ast_group_t pickupgroup;        /*!<  Pickup group */
        struct sip_proxy *outboundproxy;        /*!< Outbound proxy for this peer */
        struct ast_dnsmgr_entry *dnsmgr;/*!<  DNS refresh manager for peer */
        struct sockaddr_in addr;        /*!<  IP address of peer */
        int maxcallbitrate;             /*!< Maximum Bitrate for a video call */
        
        /* Qualification */
        struct sip_pvt *call;           /*!<  Call pointer */
        int pokeexpire;                 /*!<  When to expire poke (qualify= checking) */
        int lastms;                     /*!<  How long last response took (in ms), or -1 for no response */
        int maxms;                      /*!<  Max ms we will accept for the host to be up, 0 to not monitor */
        struct timeval ps;              /*!<  Time for sending SIP OPTION in sip_pke_peer() */
        struct sockaddr_in defaddr;     /*!<  Default IP address, used until registration */
        struct ast_ha *ha;              /*!<  Access control list */
        struct ast_variable *chanvars;  /*!<  Variables to set for channel created by user */
        struct sip_pvt *mwipvt;         /*!<  Subscription for MWI */
        int autoframing;
};


/*! \brief Registrations with other SIP proxies
 * Created by sip_register(), the entry is linked in the 'regl' list,
 * and never deleted (other than at 'sip reload' or module unload times).
 * The entry always has a pending timeout, either waiting for an ACK to
 * the REGISTER message (in which case we have to retransmit the request),
 * or waiting for the next REGISTER message to be sent (either the initial one,
 * or once the previously completed registration one expires).
 * The registration can be in one of many states, though at the moment
 * the handling is a bit mixed.
 * Note that the entire evolution of sip_registry (transmissions,
 * incoming packets and timeouts) is driven by one single thread,
 * do_monitor(), so there is almost no synchronization issue.
 * The only exception  is the sip_pvt creation/lookup,
 * as the dialoglist is also manipulated by other threads.
 */
struct sip_registry {
        ASTOBJ_COMPONENTS_FULL(struct sip_registry,1,1);
        AST_DECLARE_STRING_FIELDS(
                AST_STRING_FIELD(callid);       /*!< Global Call-ID */
                AST_STRING_FIELD(realm);        /*!< Authorization realm */
                AST_STRING_FIELD(nonce);        /*!< Authorization nonce */
                AST_STRING_FIELD(opaque);       /*!< Opaque nonsense */
                AST_STRING_FIELD(qop);          /*!< Quality of Protection, since SIP wasn't complicated enough yet. */
                AST_STRING_FIELD(domain);       /*!< Authorization domain */
                AST_STRING_FIELD(username);     /*!< Who we are registering as */
                AST_STRING_FIELD(authuser);     /*!< Who we *authenticate* as */
                AST_STRING_FIELD(hostname);     /*!< Domain or host we register to */
                AST_STRING_FIELD(secret);       /*!< Password in clear text */  
                AST_STRING_FIELD(md5secret);    /*!< Password in md5 */
                AST_STRING_FIELD(callback);     /*!< Contact extension */
                AST_STRING_FIELD(random);
        );
        int portno;                     /*!<  Optional port override */
        int expire;                     /*!< Sched ID of expiration */
        int expiry;                     /*!< Value to use for the Expires header */
        int regattempts;                /*!< Number of attempts (since the last success) */
        int timeout;                    /*!< sched id of sip_reg_timeout */
        int refresh;                    /*!< How often to refresh */
        struct sip_pvt *call;           /*!< create a sip_pvt structure for each outbound "registration dialog" in progress */
        enum sipregistrystate regstate; /*!< Registration state (see above) */
        struct timeval regtime;         /*!< Last successful registration time */
        int callid_valid;               /*!< 0 means we haven't chosen callid for this registry yet. */
        unsigned int ocseq;             /*!< Sequence number we got to for REGISTERs for this registry */
        struct sockaddr_in us;          /*!< Who the server thinks we are */
        int noncecount;                 /*!< Nonce-count */
        char lastmsg[256];              /*!< Last Message sent/received */
};

/* --- Linked lists of various objects --------*/

/*! \brief  The user list: Users and friends */
static struct ast_user_list {
        ASTOBJ_CONTAINER_COMPONENTS(struct sip_user);
} userl;

/*! \brief  The peer list: Peers and Friends */
static struct ast_peer_list {
        ASTOBJ_CONTAINER_COMPONENTS(struct sip_peer);
} peerl;

/*! \brief  The register list: Other SIP proxies we register with and place calls to */
static struct ast_register_list {
        ASTOBJ_CONTAINER_COMPONENTS(struct sip_registry);
        int recheck;
} regl;

static int temp_pvt_init(void *);
static void temp_pvt_cleanup(void *);

/*! \brief A per-thread temporary pvt structure */
AST_THREADSTORAGE_CUSTOM(ts_temp_pvt, temp_pvt_init, temp_pvt_cleanup);

/*! \brief Authentication list for realm authentication 
 * \todo Move the sip_auth list to AST_LIST */
static struct sip_auth *authl = NULL;


/* --- Sockets and networking --------------*/

/*! \brief Main socket for SIP communication.
 * sipsock is shared between the manager thread (which handles reload
 * requests), the io handler (sipsock_read()) and the user routines that
 * issue writes (using __sip_xmit()).
 * The socket is -1 only when opening fails (this is a permanent condition),
 * or when we are handling a reload() that changes its address (this is
 * a transient situation during which we might have a harmless race, see
 * below). Because the conditions for the race to be possible are extremely
 * rare, we don't want to pay the cost of locking on every I/O.
 * Rather, we remember that when the race may occur, communication is
 * bound to fail anyways, so we just live with this event and let
 * the protocol handle this above us.
 */
static int sipsock  = -1;

static struct sockaddr_in bindaddr;     /*!< The address we bind to */

/*! \brief our (internal) default address/port to put in SIP/SDP messages
 *  internip is initialized picking a suitable address from one of the
 * interfaces, and the same port number we bind to. It is used as the
 * default address/port in SIP messages, and as the default address
 * (but not port) in SDP messages.
 */
static struct sockaddr_in internip;

/*! \brief our external IP address/port for SIP sessions.
 * externip.sin_addr is only set when we know we might be behind
 * a NAT, and this is done using a variety of (mutually exclusive)
 * ways from the config file:
 *
 * + with "externip = host[:port]" we specify the address/port explicitly.
 *   The address is looked up only once when (re)loading the config file;
 * 
 * + with "externhost = host[:port]" we do a similar thing, but the
 *   hostname is stored in externhost, and the hostname->IP mapping
 *   is refreshed every 'externrefresh' seconds;
 * 
 * + with "stunaddr = host[:port]" we run queries every externrefresh seconds
 *   to the specified server, and store the result in externip.
 *
 * Other variables (externhost, externexpire, externrefresh) are used
 * to support the above functions.
 */
static struct sockaddr_in externip;             /*!< External IP address if we are behind NAT */

static char externhost[MAXHOSTNAMELEN];         /*!< External host name */
static time_t externexpire;                     /*!< Expiration counter for re-resolving external host name in dynamic DNS */
static int externrefresh = 10;
static struct sockaddr_in stunaddr;             /*!< stun server address */

/*! \brief  List of local networks
 * We store "localnet" addresses from the config file into an access list,
 * marked as 'DENY', so the call to ast_apply_ha() will return
 * AST_SENSE_DENY for 'local' addresses, and AST_SENSE_ALLOW for 'non local'
 * (i.e. presumably public) addresses.
 */
static struct ast_ha *localaddr;                /*!< List of local networks, on the same side of NAT as this Asterisk */

static struct sockaddr_in debugaddr;

static struct ast_config *notify_types;         /*!< The list of manual NOTIFY types we know how to send */

/*---------------------------- Forward declarations of functions in chan_sip.c */
/*! \note This is added to help splitting up chan_sip.c into several files
        in coming releases */

/*--- PBX interface functions */
static struct ast_channel *sip_request_call(const char *type, int format, void *data, int *cause);
static int sip_devicestate(void *data);
static int sip_sendtext(struct ast_channel *ast, const char *text);
static int sip_call(struct ast_channel *ast, char *dest, int timeout);
static int sip_sendhtml(struct ast_channel *chan, int subclass, const char *data, int datalen);
static int sip_hangup(struct ast_channel *ast);
static int sip_answer(struct ast_channel *ast);
static struct ast_frame *sip_read(struct ast_channel *ast);
static int sip_write(struct ast_channel *ast, struct ast_frame *frame);
static int sip_indicate(struct ast_channel *ast, int condition, const void *data, size_t datalen);
static int sip_transfer(struct ast_channel *ast, const char *dest);
static int sip_fixup(struct ast_channel *oldchan, struct ast_channel *newchan);
static int sip_senddigit_begin(struct ast_channel *ast, char digit);
static int sip_senddigit_end(struct ast_channel *ast, char digit, unsigned int duration);

/*--- Transmitting responses and requests */
static int sipsock_read(int *id, int fd, short events, void *ignore);
static int __sip_xmit(struct sip_pvt *p, char *data, int len);
static int __sip_reliable_xmit(struct sip_pvt *p, int seqno, int resp, char *data, int len, int fatal, int sipmethod);
static int __transmit_response(struct sip_pvt *p, const char *msg, const struct sip_request *req, enum xmittype reliable);
static int retrans_pkt(void *data);
static int transmit_sip_request(struct sip_pvt *p, struct sip_request *req);
static int transmit_response_using_temp(ast_string_field callid, struct sockaddr_in *sin, int useglobal_nat, const int intended_method, const struct sip_request *req, const char *msg);
static int transmit_response(struct sip_pvt *p, const char *msg, const struct sip_request *req);
static int transmit_response_reliable(struct sip_pvt *p, const char *msg, const struct sip_request *req);
static int transmit_response_with_date(struct sip_pvt *p, const char *msg, const struct sip_request *req);
static int transmit_response_with_sdp(struct sip_pvt *p, const char *msg, const struct sip_request *req, enum xmittype reliable);
static int transmit_response_with_unsupported(struct sip_pvt *p, const char *msg, const struct sip_request *req, const char *unsupported);
static int transmit_response_with_auth(struct sip_pvt *p, const char *msg, const struct sip_request *req, const char *rand, enum xmittype reliable, const char *header, int stale);
static int transmit_response_with_allow(struct sip_pvt *p, const char *msg, const struct sip_request *req, enum xmittype reliable);
static void transmit_fake_auth_response(struct sip_pvt *p, struct sip_request *req, int reliable);
static int transmit_request(struct sip_pvt *p, int sipmethod, int inc, enum xmittype reliable, int newbranch);
static int transmit_request_with_auth(struct sip_pvt *p, int sipmethod, int seqno, enum xmittype reliable, int newbranch);
static int transmit_invite(struct sip_pvt *p, int sipmethod, int sdp, int init);
static int transmit_reinvite_with_sdp(struct sip_pvt *p, int t38version);
static int transmit_info_with_digit(struct sip_pvt *p, const char digit, unsigned int duration);
static int transmit_info_with_vidupdate(struct sip_pvt *p);
static int transmit_message_with_text(struct sip_pvt *p, const char *text);
static int transmit_refer(struct sip_pvt *p, const char *dest);
static int transmit_notify_with_mwi(struct sip_pvt *p, int newmsgs, int oldmsgs, char *vmexten);
static int transmit_notify_with_sipfrag(struct sip_pvt *p, int cseq, char *message, int terminate);
static int transmit_register(struct sip_registry *r, int sipmethod, const char *auth, const char *authheader);
static int send_response(struct sip_pvt *p, struct sip_request *req, enum xmittype reliable, int seqno);
static int send_request(struct sip_pvt *p, struct sip_request *req, enum xmittype reliable, int seqno);
static void copy_request(struct sip_request *dst, const struct sip_request *src);
static void receive_message(struct sip_pvt *p, struct sip_request *req);
static void parse_moved_contact(struct sip_pvt *p, struct sip_request *req);
static int sip_send_mwi_to_peer(struct sip_peer *peer, const struct ast_event *event, int cache_only);

/*--- Dialog management */
static struct sip_pvt *sip_alloc(ast_string_field callid, struct sockaddr_in *sin,
                                 int useglobal_nat, const int intended_method);
static int __sip_autodestruct(void *data);
static void sip_scheddestroy(struct sip_pvt *p, int ms);
static void sip_cancel_destroy(struct sip_pvt *p);
static struct sip_pvt *sip_destroy(struct sip_pvt *p);
static void __sip_destroy(struct sip_pvt *p, int lockowner, int lockdialoglist);
static void __sip_ack(struct sip_pvt *p, int seqno, int resp, int sipmethod);
static void __sip_pretend_ack(struct sip_pvt *p);
static int __sip_semi_ack(struct sip_pvt *p, int seqno, int resp, int sipmethod);
static int auto_congest(void *arg);
static int update_call_counter(struct sip_pvt *fup, int event);
static int hangup_sip2cause(int cause);
static const char *hangup_cause2sip(int cause);
static struct sip_pvt *find_call(struct sip_request *req, struct sockaddr_in *sin, const int intended_method);
static void free_old_route(struct sip_route *route);
static void list_route(struct sip_route *route);
static void build_route(struct sip_pvt *p, struct sip_request *req, int backwards);
static enum check_auth_result register_verify(struct sip_pvt *p, struct sockaddr_in *sin,
                                              struct sip_request *req, char *uri);
static struct sip_pvt *get_sip_pvt_byid_locked(const char *callid, const char *totag, const char *fromtag);
static void check_pendings(struct sip_pvt *p);
static void *sip_park_thread(void *stuff);
static int sip_park(struct ast_channel *chan1, struct ast_channel *chan2, struct sip_request *req, int seqno);
static int sip_sipredirect(struct sip_pvt *p, const char *dest);

/*--- Codec handling / SDP */
static void try_suggested_sip_codec(struct sip_pvt *p);
static const char* get_sdp_iterate(int* start, struct sip_request *req, const char *name);
static const char *get_sdp(struct sip_request *req, const char *name);
static int find_sdp(struct sip_request *req);
static int process_sdp(struct sip_pvt *p, struct sip_request *req);
static void add_codec_to_sdp(const struct sip_pvt *p, int codec, int sample_rate,
                             struct ast_str **m_buf, struct ast_str **a_buf,
                             int debug, int *min_packet_size);
static void add_noncodec_to_sdp(const struct sip_pvt *p, int format, int sample_rate,
                                struct ast_str **m_buf, struct ast_str **a_buf,
                                int debug);
static enum sip_result add_sdp(struct sip_request *resp, struct sip_pvt *p);
static void do_setnat(struct sip_pvt *p, int natflags);
static void stop_media_flows(struct sip_pvt *p);

/*--- Authentication stuff */
static int reply_digest(struct sip_pvt *p, struct sip_request *req, char *header, int sipmethod, char *digest, int digest_len);
static int build_reply_digest(struct sip_pvt *p, int method, char *digest, int digest_len);
static enum check_auth_result check_auth(struct sip_pvt *p, struct sip_request *req, const char *username,
                                         const char *secret, const char *md5secret, int sipmethod,
                                         char *uri, enum xmittype reliable, int ignore);
static enum check_auth_result check_user_full(struct sip_pvt *p, struct sip_request *req,
                                              int sipmethod, char *uri, enum xmittype reliable,
                                              struct sockaddr_in *sin, struct sip_peer **authpeer);
static int check_user(struct sip_pvt *p, struct sip_request *req, int sipmethod, char *uri, enum xmittype reliable, struct sockaddr_in *sin);

/*--- Domain handling */
static int check_sip_domain(const char *domain, char *context, size_t len); /* Check if domain is one of our local domains */
static int add_sip_domain(const char *domain, const enum domain_mode mode, const char *context);
static void clear_sip_domains(void);

/*--- SIP realm authentication */
static struct sip_auth *add_realm_authentication(struct sip_auth *authlist, char *configuration, int lineno);
static int clear_realm_authentication(struct sip_auth *authlist);       /* Clear realm authentication list (at reload) */
static struct sip_auth *find_realm_authentication(struct sip_auth *authlist, const char *realm);

/*--- Misc functions */
static int sip_do_reload(enum channelreloadreason reason);
static int reload_config(enum channelreloadreason reason);
static int expire_register(void *data);
static void *do_monitor(void *data);
static int restart_monitor(void);
static int sip_addrcmp(char *name, struct sockaddr_in *sin);    /* Support for peer matching */
static int sip_refer_allocate(struct sip_pvt *p);
static void ast_quiet_chan(struct ast_channel *chan);
static int attempt_transfer(struct sip_dual *transferer, struct sip_dual *target);

/*--- Device monitoring and Device/extension state/event handling */
static int cb_extensionstate(char *context, char* exten, int state, void *data);
static int sip_devicestate(void *data);
static int sip_poke_noanswer(void *data);
static int sip_poke_peer(struct sip_peer *peer);
static void sip_poke_all_peers(void);
static void sip_peer_hold(struct sip_pvt *p, int hold);
static void mwi_event_cb(const struct ast_event *, void *);

/*--- Applications, functions, CLI and manager command helpers */
static const char *sip_nat_mode(const struct sip_pvt *p);
static char *sip_show_inuse(struct ast_cli_entry *e, int cmd, struct ast_cli_args *a);
static char *transfermode2str(enum transfermodes mode) attribute_const;
static const char *nat2str(int nat) attribute_const;
static int peer_status(struct sip_peer *peer, char *status, int statuslen);
static char *sip_show_users(struct ast_cli_entry *e, int cmd, struct ast_cli_args *a);
static char * _sip_show_peers(int fd, int *total, struct mansession *s, const struct message *m, int argc, const char *argv[]);
static char *sip_show_peers(struct ast_cli_entry *e, int cmd, struct ast_cli_args *a);
static char *sip_show_objects(struct ast_cli_entry *e, int cmd, struct ast_cli_args *a);
static void  print_group(int fd, ast_group_t group, int crlf);
static const char *dtmfmode2str(int mode) attribute_const;
static int str2dtmfmode(const char *str) attribute_unused;
static const char *insecure2str(int mode) attribute_const;
static void cleanup_stale_contexts(char *new, char *old);
static void print_codec_to_cli(int fd, struct ast_codec_pref *pref);
static const char *domain_mode_to_text(const enum domain_mode mode);
static char *sip_show_domains(struct ast_cli_entry *e, int cmd, struct ast_cli_args *a);
static char *_sip_show_peer(int type, int fd, struct mansession *s, const struct message *m, int argc, const char *argv[]);
static char *sip_show_peer(struct ast_cli_entry *e, int cmd, struct ast_cli_args *a);
static char *sip_show_user(struct ast_cli_entry *e, int cmd, struct ast_cli_args *a);
static char *sip_show_registry(struct ast_cli_entry *e, int cmd, struct ast_cli_args *a);
static char *sip_unregister(struct ast_cli_entry *e, int cmd, struct ast_cli_args *a);
static char *sip_show_settings(struct ast_cli_entry *e, int cmd, struct ast_cli_args *a);
static const char *subscription_type2str(enum subscriptiontype subtype) attribute_pure;
static const struct cfsubscription_types *find_subscription_type(enum subscriptiontype subtype);
static char *complete_sip_peer(const char *word, int state, int flags2);
static char *complete_sip_registered_peer(const char *word, int state, int flags2);
static char *complete_sip_show_history(const char *line, const char *word, int pos, int state);
static char *complete_sip_show_peer(const char *line, const char *word, int pos, int state);
static char *complete_sip_unregister(const char *line, const char *word, int pos, int state);
static char *complete_sip_user(const char *word, int state, int flags2);
static char *complete_sip_show_user(const char *line, const char *word, int pos, int state);
static char *complete_sipnotify(const char *line, const char *word, int pos, int state);
static char *sip_show_channel(struct ast_cli_entry *e, int cmd, struct ast_cli_args *a);
static char *sip_show_history(struct ast_cli_entry *e, int cmd, struct ast_cli_args *a);
static char *sip_do_debug_ip(int fd, char *arg);
static char *sip_do_debug_peer(int fd, char *arg);
static char *sip_do_debug(struct ast_cli_entry *e, int cmd, struct ast_cli_args *a);
static char *sip_notify(struct ast_cli_entry *e, int cmd, struct ast_cli_args *a);
static char *sip_do_history(struct ast_cli_entry *e, int cmd, struct ast_cli_args *a);
static char *sip_no_history(struct ast_cli_entry *e, int cmd, struct ast_cli_args *a);
static int sip_dtmfmode(struct ast_channel *chan, void *data);
static int sip_addheader(struct ast_channel *chan, void *data);
static int sip_do_reload(enum channelreloadreason reason);
static char *sip_reload(struct ast_cli_entry *e, int cmd, struct ast_cli_args *a);
static int acf_channel_read(struct ast_channel *chan, const char *funcname, char *preparse, char *buf, size_t buflen);

/*--- Debugging 
        Functions for enabling debug per IP or fully, or enabling history logging for
        a SIP dialog
*/
static void sip_dump_history(struct sip_pvt *dialog);   /* Dump history to LOG_DEBUG at end of dialog, before destroying data */
static inline int sip_debug_test_addr(const struct sockaddr_in *addr);
static inline int sip_debug_test_pvt(struct sip_pvt *p);
static void append_history_full(struct sip_pvt *p, const char *fmt, ...);
static void sip_dump_history(struct sip_pvt *dialog);

/*--- Device object handling */
static struct sip_peer *temp_peer(const char *name);
static struct sip_peer *build_peer(const char *name, struct ast_variable *v, struct ast_variable *alt, int realtime);
static struct sip_user *build_user(const char *name, struct ast_variable *v, int realtime);
static int update_call_counter(struct sip_pvt *fup, int event);
static void sip_destroy_peer(struct sip_peer *peer);
static void sip_destroy_user(struct sip_user *user);
static int sip_poke_peer(struct sip_peer *peer);
static void set_peer_defaults(struct sip_peer *peer);
static struct sip_peer *temp_peer(const char *name);
static void register_peer_exten(struct sip_peer *peer, int onoff);
static struct sip_peer *find_peer(const char *peer, struct sockaddr_in *sin, int realtime);
static struct sip_user *find_user(const char *name, int realtime);
static int sip_poke_peer_s(void *data);
static enum parse_register_result parse_register_contact(struct sip_pvt *pvt, struct sip_peer *p, struct sip_request *req);
static void reg_source_db(struct sip_peer *peer);
static void destroy_association(struct sip_peer *peer);
static void set_insecure_flags(struct ast_flags *flags, const char *value, int lineno);
static int handle_common_options(struct ast_flags *flags, struct ast_flags *mask, struct ast_variable *v);

/* Realtime device support */
static void realtime_update_peer(const char *peername, struct sockaddr_in *sin, const char *username, const char *fullcontact, int expirey);
static struct sip_user *realtime_user(const char *username);
static void update_peer(struct sip_peer *p, int expiry);
static struct ast_variable *get_insecure_variable_from_config(struct ast_config *config);
static const char *get_name_from_variable(struct ast_variable *var, const char *newpeername);
static struct sip_peer *realtime_peer(const char *peername, struct sockaddr_in *sin);
static char *sip_prune_realtime(struct ast_cli_entry *e, int cmd, struct ast_cli_args *a);

/*--- Internal UA client handling (outbound registrations) */
static void ast_sip_ouraddrfor(struct in_addr *them, struct sockaddr_in *us);
static void sip_registry_destroy(struct sip_registry *reg);
static int sip_register(char *value, int lineno);
static const char *regstate2str(enum sipregistrystate regstate) attribute_const;
static int sip_reregister(void *data);
static int __sip_do_register(struct sip_registry *r);
static int sip_reg_timeout(void *data);
static void sip_send_all_registers(void);

/*--- Parsing SIP requests and responses */
static void append_date(struct sip_request *req);       /* Append date to SIP packet */
static int determine_firstline_parts(struct sip_request *req);
static const struct cfsubscription_types *find_subscription_type(enum subscriptiontype subtype);
static const char *gettag(const struct sip_request *req, const char *header, char *tagbuf, int tagbufsize);
static int find_sip_method(const char *msg);
static unsigned int parse_sip_options(struct sip_pvt *pvt, const char *supported);
static void parse_request(struct sip_request *req);
static const char *get_header(const struct sip_request *req, const char *name);
static const char *referstatus2str(enum referstatus rstatus) attribute_pure;
static int method_match(enum sipmethod id, const char *name);
static void parse_copy(struct sip_request *dst, const struct sip_request *src);
static char *get_in_brackets(char *tmp);
static const char *find_alias(const char *name, const char *_default);
static const char *__get_header(const struct sip_request *req, const char *name, int *start);
static int lws2sws(char *msgbuf, int len);
static void extract_uri(struct sip_pvt *p, struct sip_request *req);
static char *remove_uri_parameters(char *uri);
static int get_refer_info(struct sip_pvt *transferer, struct sip_request *outgoing_req);
static int get_also_info(struct sip_pvt *p, struct sip_request *oreq);
static int parse_ok_contact(struct sip_pvt *pvt, struct sip_request *req);
static int set_address_from_contact(struct sip_pvt *pvt);
static void check_via(struct sip_pvt *p, struct sip_request *req);
static char *get_calleridname(const char *input, char *output, size_t outputsize);
static int get_rpid_num(const char *input, char *output, int maxlen);
static int get_rdnis(struct sip_pvt *p, struct sip_request *oreq);
static int get_destination(struct sip_pvt *p, struct sip_request *oreq);
static int get_msg_text(char *buf, int len, struct sip_request *req);
static int transmit_state_notify(struct sip_pvt *p, int state, int full, int timeout);

/*--- Constructing requests and responses */
static void initialize_initreq(struct sip_pvt *p, struct sip_request *req);
static int init_req(struct sip_request *req, int sipmethod, const char *recip);
static int reqprep(struct sip_request *req, struct sip_pvt *p, int sipmethod, int seqno, int newbranch);
static void initreqprep(struct sip_request *req, struct sip_pvt *p, int sipmethod);
static int init_resp(struct sip_request *resp, const char *msg);
static int respprep(struct sip_request *resp, struct sip_pvt *p, const char *msg, const struct sip_request *req);
static const struct sockaddr_in *sip_real_dst(const struct sip_pvt *p);
static void build_via(struct sip_pvt *p);
static int create_addr_from_peer(struct sip_pvt *r, struct sip_peer *peer);
static int create_addr(struct sip_pvt *dialog, const char *opeer);
static char *generate_random_string(char *buf, size_t size);
static void build_callid_pvt(struct sip_pvt *pvt);
static void build_callid_registry(struct sip_registry *reg, struct in_addr ourip, const char *fromdomain);
static void make_our_tag(char *tagbuf, size_t len);
static int add_header(struct sip_request *req, const char *var, const char *value);
static int add_header_contentLength(struct sip_request *req, int len);
static int add_line(struct sip_request *req, const char *line);
static int add_text(struct sip_request *req, const char *text);
static int add_digit(struct sip_request *req, char digit, unsigned int duration);
static int add_vidupdate(struct sip_request *req);
static void add_route(struct sip_request *req, struct sip_route *route);
static int copy_header(struct sip_request *req, const struct sip_request *orig, const char *field);
static int copy_all_header(struct sip_request *req, const struct sip_request *orig, const char *field);
static int copy_via_headers(struct sip_pvt *p, struct sip_request *req, const struct sip_request *orig, const char *field);
static void set_destination(struct sip_pvt *p, char *uri);
static void append_date(struct sip_request *req);
static void build_contact(struct sip_pvt *p);
static void build_rpid(struct sip_pvt *p);

/*------Request handling functions */
static int handle_incoming(struct sip_pvt *p, struct sip_request *req, struct sockaddr_in *sin, int *recount, int *nounlock);
static int handle_request_invite(struct sip_pvt *p, struct sip_request *req, int debug, int seqno, struct sockaddr_in *sin, int *recount, char *e, int *nounlock);
static int handle_request_refer(struct sip_pvt *p, struct sip_request *req, int debug, int seqno, int *nounlock);
static int handle_request_bye(struct sip_pvt *p, struct sip_request *req);
static int handle_request_register(struct sip_pvt *p, struct sip_request *req, struct sockaddr_in *sin, char *e);
static int handle_request_cancel(struct sip_pvt *p, struct sip_request *req);
static int handle_request_message(struct sip_pvt *p, struct sip_request *req);
static int handle_request_subscribe(struct sip_pvt *p, struct sip_request *req, struct sockaddr_in *sin, int seqno, char *e);
static void handle_request_info(struct sip_pvt *p, struct sip_request *req);
static int handle_request_options(struct sip_pvt *p, struct sip_request *req);
static int handle_invite_replaces(struct sip_pvt *p, struct sip_request *req, int debug, int seqno, struct sockaddr_in *sin);
static int handle_request_notify(struct sip_pvt *p, struct sip_request *req, struct sockaddr_in *sin, int seqno, char *e);
static int local_attended_transfer(struct sip_pvt *transferer, struct sip_dual *current, struct sip_request *req, int seqno);

/*------Response handling functions */
static void handle_response_invite(struct sip_pvt *p, int resp, char *rest, struct sip_request *req, int seqno);
static void handle_response_refer(struct sip_pvt *p, int resp, char *rest, struct sip_request *req, int seqno);
static int handle_response_register(struct sip_pvt *p, int resp, char *rest, struct sip_request *req, int seqno);
static void handle_response(struct sip_pvt *p, int resp, char *rest, struct sip_request *req, int seqno);

/*----- RTP interface functions */
static int sip_set_rtp_peer(struct ast_channel *chan, struct ast_rtp *rtp, struct ast_rtp *vrtp,  struct ast_rtp *trtp, int codecs, int nat_active);
static enum ast_rtp_get_result sip_get_rtp_peer(struct ast_channel *chan, struct ast_rtp **rtp);
static enum ast_rtp_get_result sip_get_vrtp_peer(struct ast_channel *chan, struct ast_rtp **rtp);
static enum ast_rtp_get_result sip_get_trtp_peer(struct ast_channel *chan, struct ast_rtp **rtp);
static int sip_get_codec(struct ast_channel *chan);
static struct ast_frame *sip_rtp_read(struct ast_channel *ast, struct sip_pvt *p, int *faxdetect);

/*------ T38 Support --------- */
static int sip_handle_t38_reinvite(struct ast_channel *chan, struct sip_pvt *pvt, int reinvite); 
static int transmit_response_with_t38_sdp(struct sip_pvt *p, char *msg, struct sip_request *req, int retrans);
static struct ast_udptl *sip_get_udptl_peer(struct ast_channel *chan);
static int sip_set_udptl_peer(struct ast_channel *chan, struct ast_udptl *udptl);

/*! \brief Definition of this channel for PBX channel registration */
static const struct ast_channel_tech sip_tech = {
        .type = "SIP",
        .description = "Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)",
        .capabilities = AST_FORMAT_AUDIO_MASK,  /* all audio formats */
        .properties = AST_CHAN_TP_WANTSJITTER | AST_CHAN_TP_CREATESJITTER,
        .requester = sip_request_call,                  /* called with chan unlocked */
        .devicestate = sip_devicestate,                 /* called with chan unlocked (not chan-specific) */
        .call = sip_call,                       /* called with chan locked */
        .send_html = sip_sendhtml,
        .hangup = sip_hangup,                   /* called with chan locked */
        .answer = sip_answer,                   /* called with chan locked */
        .read = sip_read,                       /* called with chan locked */
        .write = sip_write,                     /* called with chan locked */
        .write_video = sip_write,               /* called with chan locked */
        .write_text = sip_write,
        .indicate = sip_indicate,               /* called with chan locked */
        .transfer = sip_transfer,               /* called with chan locked */
        .fixup = sip_fixup,                     /* called with chan locked */
        .send_digit_begin = sip_senddigit_begin,        /* called with chan unlocked */
        .send_digit_end = sip_senddigit_end,
        .bridge = ast_rtp_bridge,                       /* XXX chan unlocked ? */
        .early_bridge = ast_rtp_early_bridge,
        .send_text = sip_sendtext,              /* called with chan locked */
        .func_channel_read = acf_channel_read,
};

/*! \brief This version of the sip channel tech has no send_digit_begin
 * callback so that the core knows that the channel does not want
 * DTMF BEGIN frames.
 * The struct is initialized just before registering the channel driver,
 * and is for use with channels using SIP INFO DTMF.
 */
static struct ast_channel_tech sip_tech_info;

/* wrapper macro to tell whether t points to one of the sip_tech descriptors */
#define IS_SIP_TECH(t)  ((t) == &sip_tech || (t) == &sip_tech_info)

/*! \brief map from an integer value to a string.
 * If no match is found, return errorstring
 */
static const char *map_x_s(const struct _map_x_s *table, int x, const char *errorstring)
{
        const struct _map_x_s *cur;

        for (cur = table; cur->s; cur++)
                if (cur->x == x)
                        return cur->s;
        return errorstring;
}

/*! \brief map from a string to an integer value, case insensitive.
 * If no match is found, return errorvalue.
 */
static int map_s_x(const struct _map_x_s *table, const char *s, int errorvalue)
{
        const struct _map_x_s *cur;

        for (cur = table; cur->s; cur++)
                if (!strcasecmp(cur->s, s))
                        return cur->x;
        return errorvalue;
}

/**--- some list management macros. **/
 
#define UNLINK(element, head, prev) do {        \
        if (prev)                               \
                (prev)->next = (element)->next; \
        else                                    \
                (head) = (element)->next;       \
        } while (0)

/*! \brief Interface structure with callbacks used to connect to RTP module */
static struct ast_rtp_protocol sip_rtp = {
        type: "SIP",
        get_rtp_info: sip_get_rtp_peer,
        get_vrtp_info: sip_get_vrtp_peer,
        get_trtp_info: sip_get_trtp_peer,
        set_rtp_peer: sip_set_rtp_peer,
        get_codec: sip_get_codec,
};

#define sip_pvt_lock(x) ast_mutex_lock(&x->pvt_lock)
#define sip_pvt_unlock(x) ast_mutex_unlock(&x->pvt_lock)

/*!
 * helper functions to unreference various types of objects.
 * By handling them this way, we don't have to declare the
 * destructor on each call, which removes the chance of errors.
 */
static void unref_peer(struct sip_peer *peer)
{
        ASTOBJ_UNREF(peer, sip_destroy_peer);
}

static void unref_user(struct sip_user *user)
{
        ASTOBJ_UNREF(user, sip_destroy_user);
}

static void *registry_unref(struct sip_registry *reg)
{
        ast_debug(3, "SIP Registry %s: refcount now %d\n", reg->hostname, reg->refcount - 1);
        ASTOBJ_UNREF(reg, sip_registry_destroy);
        return NULL;
}

/*! \brief Add object reference to SIP registry */
static struct sip_registry *registry_addref(struct sip_registry *reg)
{
        ast_debug(3, "SIP Registry %s: refcount now %d\n", reg->hostname, reg->refcount + 1);
        return ASTOBJ_REF(reg); /* Add pointer to registry in packet */
}

/*! \brief Interface structure with callbacks used to connect to UDPTL module*/
static struct ast_udptl_protocol sip_udptl = {
        type: "SIP",
        get_udptl_info: sip_get_udptl_peer,
        set_udptl_peer: sip_set_udptl_peer,
};

/*! \brief Append to SIP dialog history 
        \return Always returns 0 */
#define append_history(p, event, fmt , args... )        append_history_full(p, "%-15s " fmt, event, ## args)

static void append_history_full(struct sip_pvt *p, const char *fmt, ...)
        __attribute__ ((format (printf, 2, 3)));


/*! \brief Convert transfer status to string */
static const char *referstatus2str(enum referstatus rstatus)
{
        return map_x_s(referstatusstrings, rstatus, "");
}

/*! \brief Initialize the initital request packet in the pvt structure.
        This packet is used for creating replies and future requests in
        a dialog */
static void initialize_initreq(struct sip_pvt *p, struct sip_request *req)
{
        if (p->initreq.headers)
                ast_debug(1, "Initializing already initialized SIP dialog %s (presumably reinvite)\n", p->callid);
        else
                ast_debug(1, "Initializing initreq for method %s - callid %s\n", sip_methods[req->method].text, p->callid);
        /* Use this as the basis */
        copy_request(&p->initreq, req);
        parse_request(&p->initreq);
        if (req->debug)
                ast_verbose("Initreq: %d headers, %d lines\n", p->initreq.headers, p->initreq.lines);
}

/*! \brief Encapsulate setting of SIP_ALREADYGONE to be able to trace it with debugging */
static void sip_alreadygone(struct sip_pvt *dialog)
{
        ast_debug(3, "Setting SIP_ALREADYGONE on dialog %s\n", dialog->callid);
        dialog->alreadygone = 1;
}

/*! Resolve DNS srv name or host name in a sip_proxy structure */
static int proxy_update(struct sip_proxy *proxy)
{
        /* if it's actually an IP address and not a name,
           there's no need for a managed lookup */
        if (!inet_aton(proxy->name, &proxy->ip.sin_addr)) {
                /* Ok, not an IP address, then let's check if it's a domain or host */
                /* XXX Todo - if we have proxy port, don't do SRV */
                if (ast_get_ip_or_srv(&proxy->ip, proxy->name, global_srvlookup ? "_sip._udp" : NULL) < 0) {
                        ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "Unable to locate host '%s'\n", proxy->name);
                        return FALSE;
                }
        }
        proxy->last_dnsupdate = time(NULL);
        return TRUE;
}

/*! \brief Allocate and initialize sip proxy */
static struct sip_proxy *proxy_allocate(char *name, char *port, int force)
{
        struct sip_proxy *proxy;
        proxy = ast_calloc(1, sizeof(*proxy));
        if (!proxy)
                return NULL;
        proxy->force = force;
        ast_copy_string(proxy->name, name, sizeof(proxy->name));
        proxy->ip.sin_port = htons((!ast_strlen_zero(port) ? atoi(port) : STANDARD_SIP_PORT));
        proxy_update(proxy);
        return proxy;
}

/*! \brief Get default outbound proxy or global proxy */
static struct sip_proxy *obproxy_get(struct sip_pvt *dialog, struct sip_peer *peer)
{
        if (peer && peer->outboundproxy) {
                if (sipdebug)
                        ast_debug(1, "OBPROXY: Applying peer OBproxy to this call\n");
                append_history(dialog, "OBproxy", "Using peer obproxy %s", peer->outboundproxy->name);
                return peer->outboundproxy;
        }
        if (global_outboundproxy.name[0]) {
                if (sipdebug)
                        ast_debug(1, "OBPROXY: Applying global OBproxy to this call\n");
                append_history(dialog, "OBproxy", "Using global obproxy %s", global_outboundproxy.name);
                return &global_outboundproxy;
        }
        if (sipdebug)
                ast_debug(1, "OBPROXY: Not applying OBproxy to this call\n");
        return NULL;
}

/*! \brief returns true if 'name' (with optional trailing whitespace)
 * matches the sip method 'id'.
 * Strictly speaking, SIP methods are case SENSITIVE, but we do
 * a case-insensitive comparison to be more tolerant.
 * following Jon Postel's rule: Be gentle in what you accept, strict with what you send
 */
static int method_match(enum sipmethod id, const char *name)
{
        int len = strlen(sip_methods[id].text);
        int l_name = name ? strlen(name) : 0;
        /* true if the string is long enough, and ends with whitespace, and matches */
        return (l_name >= len && name[len] < 33 &&
                !strncasecmp(sip_methods[id].text, name, len));
}

/*! \brief  find_sip_method: Find SIP method from header */
static int find_sip_method(const char *msg)
{
        int i, res = 0;
        
        if (ast_strlen_zero(msg))
                return 0;
        for (i = 1; i < (sizeof(sip_methods) / sizeof(sip_methods[0])) && !res; i++) {
                if (method_match(i, msg))
                        res = sip_methods[i].id;
        }
        return res;
}

/*! \brief Parse supported header in incoming packet */
static unsigned int parse_sip_options(struct sip_pvt *pvt, const char *supported)
{
        char *next, *sep;
        char *temp;
        unsigned int profile = 0;
        int i, found;

        if (ast_strlen_zero(supported) )
                return 0;
        temp = ast_strdupa(supported);

        if (sipdebug)
                ast_debug(3, "Begin: parsing SIP \"Supported: %s\"\n", supported);

        for (next = temp; next; next = sep) {
                found = FALSE;
                if ( (sep = strchr(next, ',')) != NULL)
                        *sep++ = '\0';
                next = ast_skip_blanks(next);
                if (sipdebug)
                        ast_debug(3, "Found SIP option: -%s-\n", next);
                for (i=0; i < (sizeof(sip_options) / sizeof(sip_options[0])); i++) {
                        if (!strcasecmp(next, sip_options[i].text)) {
                                profile |= sip_options[i].id;
                                found = TRUE;
                                if (sipdebug)
                                        ast_debug(3, "Matched SIP option: %s\n", next);
                                break;
                        }
                }
                if (!found && sipdebug) {
                        if (!strncasecmp(next, "x-", 2))
                                ast_debug(3, "Found private SIP option, not supported: %s\n", next);
                        else
                                ast_debug(3, "Found no match for SIP option: %s (Please file bug report!)\n", next);
                }
        }

        if (pvt)
                pvt->sipoptions = profile;
        return profile;
}

/*! \brief See if we pass debug IP filter */
static inline int sip_debug_test_addr(const struct sockaddr_in *addr) 
{
        if (!sipdebug)
                return 0;
        if (debugaddr.sin_addr.s_addr) {
                if (((ntohs(debugaddr.sin_port) != 0)
                        && (debugaddr.sin_port != addr->sin_port))
                        || (debugaddr.sin_addr.s_addr != addr->sin_addr.s_addr))
                        return 0;
        }
        return 1;
}

/*! \brief The real destination address for a write */
static const struct sockaddr_in *sip_real_dst(const struct sip_pvt *p)
{
        if (p->outboundproxy)
                return &p->outboundproxy->ip;

        return ast_test_flag(&p->flags[0], SIP_NAT) & SIP_NAT_ROUTE ? &p->recv : &p->sa;
}

/*! \brief Display SIP nat mode */
static const char *sip_nat_mode(const struct sip_pvt *p)
{
        return ast_test_flag(&p->flags[0], SIP_NAT) & SIP_NAT_ROUTE ? "NAT" : "no NAT";
}

/*! \brief Test PVT for debugging output */
static inline int sip_debug_test_pvt(struct sip_pvt *p) 
{
        if (!sipdebug)
                return 0;
        return sip_debug_test_addr(sip_real_dst(p));
}

/*! \brief Transmit SIP message */
static int __sip_xmit(struct sip_pvt *p, char *data, int len)
{
        int res;
        const struct sockaddr_in *dst = sip_real_dst(p);
        res = sendto(sipsock, data, len, 0, (const struct sockaddr *)dst, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));

        if (res == -1) {
                switch (errno) {
                        case EBADF:             /* Bad file descriptor - seems like this is generated when the host exist, but doesn't accept the UDP packet */
                        case EHOSTUNREACH:      /* Host can't be reached */
                        case ENETDOWN:          /* Inteface down */
                        case ENETUNREACH:       /* Network failure */
                                res = XMIT_ERROR;       /* Don't bother with trying to transmit again */
                }
        }
        if (res != len)
                ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "sip_xmit of %p (len %d) to %s:%d returned %d: %s\n", data, len, ast_inet_ntoa(dst->sin_addr), ntohs(dst->sin_port), res, strerror(errno));
        return res;
}


/*! \brief Build a Via header for a request */
static void build_via(struct sip_pvt *p)
{
        /* Work around buggy UNIDEN UIP200 firmware */
        const char *rport = ast_test_flag(&p->flags[0], SIP_NAT) & SIP_NAT_RFC3581 ? ";rport" : "";

        /* z9hG4bK is a magic cookie.  See RFC 3261 section 8.1.1.7 */
        ast_string_field_build(p, via, "SIP/2.0/UDP %s:%d;branch=z9hG4bK%08x%s",
                        ast_inet_ntoa(p->ourip.sin_addr),
                        ntohs(p->ourip.sin_port), p->branch, rport);
}

/*! \brief NAT fix - decide which IP address to use for Asterisk server?
 *
 * Using the localaddr structure built up with localnet statements in sip.conf
 * apply it to their address to see if we need to substitute our
 * externip or can get away with our internal bindaddr
 * 'us' is always overwritten.
 */
static void ast_sip_ouraddrfor(struct in_addr *them, struct sockaddr_in *us)
{
        struct sockaddr_in theirs;
        /* Set want_remap to non-zero if we want to remap 'us' to an externally
         * reachable IP address and port. This is done if:
         * 1. we have a localaddr list (containing 'internal' addresses marked
         *    as 'deny', so ast_apply_ha() will return AST_SENSE_DENY on them,
         *    and AST_SENSE_ALLOW on 'external' ones);
         * 2. either stunaddr or externip is set, so we know what to use as the
         *    externally visible address;
         * 3. the remote address, 'them', is external;
         * 4. the address returned by ast_ouraddrfor() is 'internal' (AST_SENSE_DENY
         *    when passed to ast_apply_ha() so it does need to be remapped.
         *    This fourth condition is checked later.
         */
        int want_remap = localaddr &&
                (externip.sin_addr.s_addr || stunaddr.sin_addr.s_addr) &&
                ast_apply_ha(localaddr, &theirs) == AST_SENSE_ALLOW ;

        *us = internip;         /* starting guess for the internal address */
        /* now ask the system what would it use to talk to 'them' */
        ast_ouraddrfor(them, &us->sin_addr);
        theirs.sin_addr = *them;

        if (want_remap &&
            (!global_matchexterniplocally || !ast_apply_ha(localaddr, us)) ) {
                /* if we used externhost or stun, see if it is time to refresh the info */
                if (externexpire && time(NULL) >= externexpire) {
                        if (stunaddr.sin_addr.s_addr) {
                                ast_stun_request(sipsock, &stunaddr, NULL, &externip);
                        } else {
                                if (ast_parse_arg(externhost, PARSE_INADDR, &externip))
                                        ast_log(LOG_NOTICE, "Warning: Re-lookup of '%s' failed!\n", externhost);
                        }
                        externexpire = time(NULL) + externrefresh;
                }
                if (externip.sin_addr.s_addr)
                        *us = externip;
                else
                        ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "stun failed\n");
                ast_debug(1, "Target address %s is not local, substituting externip\n", 
                        ast_inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&them->s_addr));
        } else if (bindaddr.sin_addr.s_addr) {
                /* no remapping, but we bind to a specific address, so use it. */
                *us = bindaddr;
        }
}

/*! \brief Append to SIP dialog history with arg list  */
static void append_history_va(struct sip_pvt *p, const char *fmt, va_list ap)
{
        char buf[80], *c = buf; /* max history length */
        struct sip_history *hist;
        int l;

        vsnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), fmt, ap);
        strsep(&c, "\r\n"); /* Trim up everything after \r or \n */
        l = strlen(buf) + 1;
        if (!(hist = ast_calloc(1, sizeof(*hist) + l)))
                return;
        if (!p->history && !(p->history = ast_calloc(1, sizeof(*p->history)))) {
                ast_free(hist);
                return;
        }
        memcpy(hist->event, buf, l);
        if (p->history_entries == MAX_HISTORY_ENTRIES) {
                struct sip_history *oldest;
                oldest = AST_LIST_REMOVE_HEAD(p->history, list);
                p->history_entries--;
                ast_free(oldest);
        }
        AST_LIST_INSERT_TAIL(p->history, hist, list);
        p->history_entries++;
}

/*! \brief Append to SIP dialog history with arg list  */
static void append_history_full(struct sip_pvt *p, const char *fmt, ...)
{
        va_list ap;

        if (!p)
                return;

        if (!p->do_history && !recordhistory && !dumphistory)
                return;

        va_start(ap, fmt);
        append_history_va(p, fmt, ap);
        va_end(ap);

        return;
}

/*! \brief Retransmit SIP message if no answer (Called from scheduler) */
static int retrans_pkt(void *data)
{
        struct sip_pkt *pkt = data, *prev, *cur = NULL;
        int reschedule = DEFAULT_RETRANS;
        int xmitres = 0;

        /* Lock channel PVT */
        sip_pvt_lock(pkt->owner);

        if (pkt->retrans < MAX_RETRANS) {
                pkt->retrans++;
                if (!pkt->timer_t1) {   /* Re-schedule using timer_a and timer_t1 */
                        if (sipdebug)
                                ast_debug(4, "SIP TIMER: Not rescheduling id #%d:%s (Method %d) (No timer T1)\n", pkt->retransid, sip_methods[pkt->method].text, pkt->method);
                } else {
                        int siptimer_a;

                        if (sipdebug)
                                ast_debug(4, "SIP TIMER: Rescheduling retransmission #%d (%d) %s - %d\n", pkt->retransid, pkt->retrans, sip_methods[pkt->method].text, pkt->method);
                        if (!pkt->timer_a)
                                pkt->timer_a = 2 ;
                        else
                                pkt->timer_a = 2 * pkt->timer_a;
 
                        /* For non-invites, a maximum of 4 secs */
                        siptimer_a = pkt->timer_t1 * pkt->timer_a;      /* Double each time */
                        if (pkt->method != SIP_INVITE && siptimer_a > 4000)
                                siptimer_a = 4000;
                
                        /* Reschedule re-transmit */
                        reschedule = siptimer_a;
                        ast_debug(4, "** SIP timers: Rescheduling retransmission %d to %d ms (t1 %d ms (Retrans id #%d)) \n", pkt->retrans +1, siptimer_a, pkt->timer_t1, pkt->retransid);
                } 

                if (sip_debug_test_pvt(pkt->owner)) {
                        const struct sockaddr_in *dst = sip_real_dst(pkt->owner);
                        ast_verbose("Retransmitting #%d (%s) to %s:%d:\n%s\n---\n",
                                pkt->retrans, sip_nat_mode(pkt->owner),
                                ast_inet_ntoa(dst->sin_addr),
                                ntohs(dst->sin_port), pkt->data);
                }

                append_history(pkt->owner, "ReTx", "%d %s", reschedule, pkt->data);
                xmitres = __sip_xmit(pkt->owner, pkt->data, pkt->packetlen);
                sip_pvt_unlock(pkt->owner);
                if (xmitres == XMIT_ERROR)
                        ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "Network error on retransmit in dialog %s\n", pkt->owner->callid);
                else 
                        return  reschedule;
        } 
        /* Too many retries */
        if (pkt->owner && pkt->method != SIP_OPTIONS && xmitres == 0) {
                if (pkt->is_fatal || sipdebug)  /* Tell us if it's critical or if we're debugging */
                        ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "Maximum retries exceeded on transmission %s for seqno %d (%s %s)\n",
                                pkt->owner->callid, pkt->seqno,
                                pkt->is_fatal ? "Critical" : "Non-critical", pkt->is_resp ? "Response" : "Request");
        } else if (pkt->method == SIP_OPTIONS && sipdebug) {
                        ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "Cancelling retransmit of OPTIONs (call id %s) \n", pkt->owner->callid);

        } 
        if (xmitres == XMIT_ERROR) {
                ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "Transmit error :: Cancelling transmission on Call ID %s\n", pkt->owner->callid);
                append_history(pkt->owner, "XmitErr", "%s", pkt->is_fatal ? "(Critical)" : "(Non-critical)");
        } else 
                append_history(pkt->owner, "MaxRetries", "%s", pkt->is_fatal ? "(Critical)" : "(Non-critical)");
                
        pkt->retransid = -1;

        if (pkt->is_fatal) {
                while(pkt->owner->owner && ast_channel_trylock(pkt->owner->owner)) {
                        sip_pvt_unlock(pkt->owner);     /* SIP_PVT, not channel */
                        usleep(1);
                        sip_pvt_lock(pkt->owner);
                }

                if (pkt->owner->owner && !pkt->owner->owner->hangupcause) 
                        pkt->owner->owner->hangupcause = AST_CAUSE_NO_USER_RESPONSE;
                
                if (pkt->owner->owner) {
                        sip_alreadygone(pkt->owner);
                        ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "Hanging up call %s - no reply to our critical packet.\n", pkt->owner->callid);
                        ast_queue_hangup(pkt->owner->owner);
                        ast_channel_unlock(pkt->owner->owner);
                } else {
                        /* If no channel owner, destroy now */

                        /* Let the peerpoke system expire packets when the timer expires for poke_noanswer */
                        if (pkt->method != SIP_OPTIONS && pkt->method != SIP_REGISTER) {
                                pkt->owner->needdestroy = 1;
                                sip_alreadygone(pkt->owner);
                                append_history(pkt->owner, "DialogKill", "Killing this failed dialog immediately");
                        }
                }
        }

        if (pkt->method == SIP_BYE) {
                /* We're not getting answers on SIP BYE's.  Tear down the call anyway. */
                if (pkt->owner->owner) 
                        ast_channel_unlock(pkt->owner->owner);
                append_history(pkt->owner, "ByeFailure", "Remote peer doesn't respond to bye. Destroying call anyway.");
                pkt->owner->needdestroy = 1;
        }

        /* Remove the packet */
        for (prev = NULL, cur = pkt->owner->packets; cur; prev = cur, cur = cur->next) {
                if (cur == pkt) {
                        UNLINK(cur, pkt->owner->packets, prev);
                        sip_pvt_unlock(pkt->owner);
                        ast_free(pkt);
                        return 0;
                }
        }
        /* error case */
        ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "Weird, couldn't find packet owner!\n");
        sip_pvt_unlock(pkt->owner);
        return 0;
}

/*! \brief Transmit packet with retransmits 
        \return 0 on success, -1 on failure to allocate packet 
*/
static enum sip_result __sip_reliable_xmit(struct sip_pvt *p, int seqno, int resp, char *data, int len, int fatal, int sipmethod)
{
        struct sip_pkt *pkt;
        int siptimer_a = DEFAULT_RETRANS;
        int xmitres = 0;

        if (!(pkt = ast_calloc(1, sizeof(*pkt) + len + 1)))
                return AST_FAILURE;
        /* copy data, add a terminator and save length */
        memcpy(pkt->data, data, len);
        pkt->data[len] = '\0';
        pkt->packetlen = len;
        /* copy other parameters from the caller */
        pkt->method = sipmethod;
        pkt->seqno = seqno;
        pkt->is_resp = resp;
        pkt->is_fatal = fatal;
        pkt->owner = dialog_ref(p);
        pkt->next = p->packets;
        p->packets = pkt;
        pkt->timer_t1 = p->timer_t1;    /* Set SIP timer T1 */
        if (pkt->timer_t1)
                siptimer_a = pkt->timer_t1 * 2;

        /* Schedule retransmission */
        pkt->retransid = ast_sched_replace_variable(pkt->retransid, sched, 
                siptimer_a, retrans_pkt, pkt, 1);
        if (sipdebug)
                ast_debug(4, "*** SIP TIMER: Initalizing retransmit timer on packet: Id  #%d\n", pkt->retransid);
        if (sipmethod == SIP_INVITE) {
                /* Note this is a pending invite */
                p->pendinginvite = seqno;
        }

        xmitres = __sip_xmit(pkt->owner, pkt->data, pkt->packetlen);    /* Send packet */

        if (xmitres == XMIT_ERROR) {    /* Serious network trouble, no need to try again */
                append_history(pkt->owner, "XmitErr", "%s", pkt->is_fatal ? "(Critical)" : "(Non-critical)");
                ast_sched_del(sched, pkt->retransid);   /* No more retransmission */
                pkt->retransid = -1;
                return AST_FAILURE;
        } else
                return AST_SUCCESS;
}

/*! \brief Kill a SIP dialog (called only by the scheduler)
 * The scheduler has a reference to this dialog when p->autokillid != -1,
 * and we are called using that reference. So if the event is not
 * rescheduled, we need to call dialog_unref().
 */
static int __sip_autodestruct(void *data)
{
        struct sip_pvt *p = data;

        /* If this is a subscription, tell the phone that we got a timeout */
        if (p->subscribed) {
                transmit_state_notify(p, AST_EXTENSION_DEACTIVATED, 1, TRUE);   /* Send last notification */
                p->subscribed = NONE;
                append_history(p, "Subscribestatus", "timeout");
                ast_debug(3, "Re-scheduled destruction of SIP subsription %s\n", p->callid ? p->callid : "<unknown>");
                return 10000;   /* Reschedule this destruction so that we know that it's gone */
        }

        if (p->subscribed == MWI_NOTIFICATION)
                if (p->relatedpeer)
                        unref_peer(p->relatedpeer);     /* Remove link to peer. If it's realtime, make sure it's gone from memory) */

        /* Reset schedule ID */
        p->autokillid = -1;

        if (p->owner) {
                ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "Autodestruct on dialog '%s' with owner in place (Method: %s)\n", p->callid, sip_methods[p->method].text);
                ast_queue_hangup(p->owner);
                dialog_unref(p);
        } else if (p->refer) {
                ast_debug(3, "Finally hanging up channel after transfer: %s\n", p->callid);
                transmit_request_with_auth(p, SIP_BYE, 0, XMIT_RELIABLE, 1);
                append_history(p, "ReferBYE", "Sending BYE on transferer call leg %s", p->callid);
                sip_scheddestroy(p, DEFAULT_TRANS_TIMEOUT);
                dialog_unref(p);
        } else {
                append_history(p, "AutoDestroy", "%s", p->callid);
                ast_debug(3, "Auto destroying SIP dialog '%s'\n", p->callid);
                sip_destroy(p);         /* Go ahead and destroy dialog. All attempts to recover is done */
                /* sip_destroy also absorbs the reference */
        }
        return 0;
}

/*! \brief Schedule destruction of SIP dialog */
static void sip_scheddestroy(struct sip_pvt *p, int ms)
{
        if (ms < 0) {
                if (p->timer_t1 == 0)
                        p->timer_t1 = SIP_TIMER_T1;     /* Set timer T1 if not set (RFC 3261) */
                ms = p->timer_t1 * 64;
        }
        if (sip_debug_test_pvt(p))
                ast_verbose("Scheduling destruction of SIP dialog '%s' in %d ms (Method: %s)\n", p->callid, ms, sip_methods[p->method].text);
        sip_cancel_destroy(p);
        if (p->do_history)
                append_history(p, "SchedDestroy", "%d ms", ms);
        p->autokillid = ast_sched_add(sched, ms, __sip_autodestruct, dialog_ref(p));
}

/*! \brief Cancel destruction of SIP dialog.
 * Be careful as this also absorbs the reference - if you call it
 * from within the scheduler, this might be the last reference.
 */
static void sip_cancel_destroy(struct sip_pvt *p)
{
        if (p->autokillid > -1) {
                ast_sched_del(sched, p->autokillid);
                append_history(p, "CancelDestroy", "");
                p->autokillid = -1;
                dialog_unref(p);
        }
}

/*! \brief Acknowledges receipt of a packet and stops retransmission */
static void __sip_ack(struct sip_pvt *p, int seqno, int resp, int sipmethod)
{
        struct sip_pkt *cur, *prev = NULL;
        const char *msg = "Not Found";  /* used only for debugging */

        sip_pvt_lock(p);

        /* If we have an outbound proxy for this dialog, then delete it now since
          the rest of the requests in this dialog needs to follow the routing.
          If obforcing is set, we will keep the outbound proxy during the whole
          dialog, regardless of what the SIP rfc says
        */
        if (p->outboundproxy && !p->outboundproxy->force)
                p->outboundproxy = NULL;

        for (cur = p->packets; cur; prev = cur, cur = cur->next) {
                if (cur->seqno != seqno || cur->is_resp != resp)
                        continue;
                if (cur->is_resp || cur->method == sipmethod) {
                        msg = "Found";
                        if (!resp && (seqno == p->pendinginvite)) {
                                ast_debug(1, "Acked pending invite %d\n", p->pendinginvite);
                                p->pendinginvite = 0;
                        }
                        if (cur->retransid > -1) {
                                if (sipdebug)
                                        ast_debug(4, "** SIP TIMER: Cancelling retransmit of packet (reply received) Retransid #%d\n", cur->retransid);
                                ast_sched_del(sched, cur->retransid);
                                cur->retransid = -1;
                        }
                        UNLINK(cur, p->packets, prev);
                        dialog_unref(cur->owner);
                        ast_free(cur);
                        break;
                }
        }
        sip_pvt_unlock(p);
        ast_debug(1, "Stopping retransmission on '%s' of %s %d: Match %s\n",
                p->callid, resp ? "Response" : "Request", seqno, msg);
}

/*! \brief Pretend to ack all packets
 * maybe the lock on p is not strictly necessary but there might be a race */
static void __sip_pretend_ack(struct sip_pvt *p)
{
        struct sip_pkt *cur = NULL;

        while (p->packets) {
                int method;
                if (cur == p->packets) {
                        ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "Have a packet that doesn't want to give up! %s\n", sip_methods[cur->method].text);
                        return;
                }
                cur = p->packets;
                method = (cur->method) ? cur->method : find_sip_method(cur->data);
                __sip_ack(p, cur->seqno, cur->is_resp, method);
        }
}

/*! \brief Acks receipt of packet, keep it around (used for provisional responses) */
static int __sip_semi_ack(struct sip_pvt *p, int seqno, int resp, int sipmethod)
{
        struct sip_pkt *cur;
        int res = -1;

        for (cur = p->packets; cur; cur = cur->next) {
                if (cur->seqno == seqno && cur->is_resp == resp &&
                        (cur->is_resp || method_match(sipmethod, cur->data))) {
                        /* this is our baby */
                        if (cur->retransid > -1) {
                                if (sipdebug)
                                        ast_debug(4, "*** SIP TIMER: Cancelling retransmission #%d - %s (got response)\n", cur->retransid, sip_methods[sipmethod].text);
                                ast_sched_del(sched, cur->retransid);
                                cur->retransid = -1;
                        }
                        res = 0;
                        break;
                }
        }
        ast_debug(1, "(Provisional) Stopping retransmission (but retaining packet) on '%s' %s %d: %s\n", p->callid, resp ? "Response" : "Request", seqno, res ? "Not Found" : "Found");
        return res;
}


/*! \brief Copy SIP request, parse it */
static void parse_copy(struct sip_request *dst, const struct sip_request *src)
{
        memset(dst, 0, sizeof(*dst));
        memcpy(dst->data, src->data, sizeof(dst->data));
        dst->len = src->len;
        parse_request(dst);
}

/*! \brief add a blank line if no body */
static void add_blank(struct sip_request *req)
{
        if (!req->lines) {
                /* Add extra empty return. add_header() reserves 4 bytes so cannot be truncated */
                snprintf(req->data + req->len, sizeof(req->data) - req->len, "\r\n");
                req->len += strlen(req->data + req->len);
        }
}

/*! \brief Transmit response on SIP request*/
static int send_response(struct sip_pvt *p, struct sip_request *req, enum xmittype reliable, int seqno)
{
        int res;

        add_blank(req);
        if (sip_debug_test_pvt(p)) {
                const struct sockaddr_in *dst = sip_real_dst(p);

                ast_verbose("\n<--- %sTransmitting (%s) to %s:%d --->\n%s\n<------------>\n",
                        reliable ? "Reliably " : "", sip_nat_mode(p),
                        ast_inet_ntoa(dst->sin_addr),
                        ntohs(dst->sin_port), req->data);
        }
        if (p->do_history) {
                struct sip_request tmp;
                parse_copy(&tmp, req);
                append_history(p, reliable ? "TxRespRel" : "TxResp", "%s / %s - %s", tmp.data, get_header(&tmp, "CSeq"), 
                        (tmp.method == SIP_RESPONSE || tmp.method == SIP_UNKNOWN) ? tmp.rlPart2 : sip_methods[tmp.method].text);
        }
        res = (reliable) ?
                 __sip_reliable_xmit(p, seqno, 1, req->data, req->len, (reliable == XMIT_CRITICAL), req->method) :
                __sip_xmit(p, req->data, req->len);
        if (res > 0)
                return 0;
        return res;
}

/*! \brief Send SIP Request to the other part of the dialogue */
static int send_request(struct sip_pvt *p, struct sip_request *req, enum xmittype reliable, int seqno)
{
        int res;

        /* If we have an outbound proxy, reset peer address 
                Only do this once.
        */
        if (p->outboundproxy) {
                p->sa = p->outboundproxy->ip;
        }

        add_blank(req);
        if (sip_debug_test_pvt(p)) {
                if (ast_test_flag(&p->flags[0], SIP_NAT_ROUTE))
                        ast_verbose("%sTransmitting (NAT) to %s:%d:\n%s\n---\n", reliable ? "Reliably " : "", ast_inet_ntoa(p->recv.sin_addr), ntohs(p->recv.sin_port), req->data);
                else
                        ast_verbose("%sTransmitting (no NAT) to %s:%d:\n%s\n---\n", reliable ? "Reliably " : "", ast_inet_ntoa(p->sa.sin_addr), ntohs(p->sa.sin_port), req->data);
        }
        if (p->do_history) {
                struct sip_request tmp;
                parse_copy(&tmp, req);
                append_history(p, reliable ? "TxReqRel" : "TxReq", "%s / %s - %s", tmp.data, get_header(&tmp, "CSeq"), sip_methods[tmp.method].text);
        }
        res = (reliable) ?
                __sip_reliable_xmit(p, seqno, 0, req->data, req->len, (reliable == XMIT_CRITICAL), req->method) :
                __sip_xmit(p, req->data, req->len);
        return res;
}

/*! \brief Locate closing quote in a string, skipping escaped quotes.
 * optionally with a limit on the search.
 * start must be past the first quote.
 */
static const char *find_closing_quote(const char *start, const char *lim)
{
        char last_char = '\0';
        const char *s;
        for (s = start; *s && s != lim; last_char = *s++) {
                if (*s == '"' && last_char != '\\')
                        break;
        }
        return s;
}

/*! \brief Pick out text in brackets from character string
        \return pointer to terminated stripped string
        \param tmp input string that will be modified
        Examples:
\verbatim
        "foo" <bar>     valid input, returns bar
        foo             returns the whole string
        < "foo ... >    returns the string between brackets
        < "foo...       bogus (missing closing bracket), returns the whole string
                        XXX maybe should still skip the opening bracket
\endverbatim
 */
static char *get_in_brackets(char *tmp)
{
        const char *parse = tmp;
        char *first_bracket;

        /*
         * Skip any quoted text until we find the part in brackets.
        * On any error give up and return the full string.
        */
        while ( (first_bracket = strchr(parse, '<')) ) {
                char *first_quote = strchr(parse, '"');

                if (!first_quote || first_quote > first_bracket)
                        break; /* no need to look at quoted part */
                /* the bracket is within quotes, so ignore it */
                parse = find_closing_quote(first_quote + 1, NULL);
                if (!*parse) { /* not found, return full string ? */
                        /* XXX or be robust and return in-bracket part ? */
                        ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "No closing quote found in '%s'\n", tmp);
                        break;
                }
                parse++;
        }
        if (first_bracket) {
                char *second_bracket = strchr(first_bracket + 1, '>');
                if (second_bracket) {
                        *second_bracket = '\0';
                        tmp = first_bracket + 1;
                } else {
                        ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "No closing bracket found in '%s'\n", tmp);
                }
        }
        return tmp;
}

/*! \brief * parses a URI in its components.
 *
 * \note 
 *- If scheme is specified, drop it from the top.
 * - If a component is not requested, do not split around it.
 * This means that if we don't have domain, we cannot split
 * name:pass and domain:port.
 * It is safe to call with ret_name, pass, domain, port
 * pointing all to the same place.
 * Init pointers to empty string so we never get NULL dereferencing.
 * Overwrites the string.
 * return 0 on success, other values on error.
 * \verbatim 
 * general form we are expecting is sip[s]:username[:password][;parameter]@host[:port][;...] 
 * \endverbatim
 */
static int parse_uri(char *uri, char *scheme,
        char **ret_name, char **pass, char **domain, char **port, char **options)
{
        char *name = NULL;
        int error = 0;

        /* init field as required */
        if (pass)
                *pass = "";
        if (port)
                *port = "";
        if (scheme) {
                int l = strlen(scheme);
                if (!strncasecmp(uri, scheme, l))
                        uri += l;
                else {
                        ast_log(LOG_NOTICE, "Missing scheme '%s' in '%s'\n", scheme, uri);
                        error = -1;
                }
        }
        if (!domain) {
                /* if we don't want to split around domain, keep everything as a name,
                 * so we need to do nothing here, except remember why.
                 */
        } else {
                /* store the result in a temp. variable to avoid it being
                 * overwritten if arguments point to the same place.
                 */
                char *c, *dom = "";

                if ((c = strchr(uri, '@')) == NULL) {
                        /* domain-only URI, according to the SIP RFC. */
                        dom = uri;
                        name = "";
                } else {
                        *c++ = '\0';
                        dom = c;
                        name = uri;
                }

                /* Remove options in domain and name */
                dom = strsep(&dom, ";");
                name = strsep(&name, ";");

                if (port && (c = strchr(dom, ':'))) { /* Remove :port */
                        *c++ = '\0';
                        *port = c;
                }
                if (pass && (c = strchr(name, ':'))) {  /* user:password */
                        *c++ = '\0';
                        *pass = c;
                }
                *domain = dom;
        }
        if (ret_name)   /* same as for domain, store the result only at the end */
                *ret_name = name;
        if (options)
                *options = uri ? uri : "";

        return error;
}

/*! \brief Send message with Access-URL header, if this is an HTML URL only! */
static int sip_sendhtml(struct ast_channel *chan, int subclass, const char *data, int datalen)
{
        struct sip_pvt *p = chan->tech_pvt;

        if (subclass != AST_HTML_URL)
                return -1;

        ast_string_field_build(p, url, "<%s>;mode=active", data);

        if (sip_debug_test_pvt(p))
                ast_debug(1, "Send URL %s, state = %d!\n", data, chan->_state);

        switch (chan->_state) {
        case AST_STATE_RING:
                transmit_response(p, "100 Trying", &p->initreq);
                break;
        case AST_STATE_RINGING:
                transmit_response(p, "180 Ringing", &p->initreq);
                break;
        case AST_STATE_UP:
                if (!p->pendinginvite) {                /* We are up, and have no outstanding invite */
                        transmit_reinvite_with_sdp(p, FALSE);
                } else if (!ast_test_flag(&p->flags[0], SIP_PENDINGBYE)) {
                        ast_set_flag(&p->flags[0], SIP_NEEDREINVITE);   
                }       
                break;
        default:
                ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "Don't know how to send URI when state is %d!\n", chan->_state);
        }

        return 0;
}

/*! \brief Send SIP MESSAGE text within a call
        Called from PBX core sendtext() application */
static int sip_sendtext(struct ast_channel *ast, const char *text)
{
        struct sip_pvt *p = ast->tech_pvt;
        int debug = sip_debug_test_pvt(p);

        if (debug)
                ast_verbose("Sending text %s on %s\n", text, ast->name);
        if (!p)
                return -1;
        if (ast_strlen_zero(text))
                return 0;
        if (debug)
                ast_verbose("Really sending text %s on %s\n", text, ast->name);
        transmit_message_with_text(p, text);
        return 0;       
}

/*! \brief Update peer object in realtime storage 
        If the Asterisk system name is set in asterisk.conf, we will use
        that name and store that in the "regserver" field in the sippeers
        table to facilitate multi-server setups.
*/
static void realtime_update_peer(const char *peername, struct sockaddr_in *sin, const char *username, const char *fullcontact, int expirey)
{
        char port[10];
        char ipaddr[INET_ADDRSTRLEN];
        char regseconds[20];
        char *tablename = NULL;

        char *sysname = ast_config_AST_SYSTEM_NAME;
        char *syslabel = NULL;

        time_t nowtime = time(NULL) + expirey;
        const char *fc = fullcontact ? "fullcontact" : NULL;

        int realtimeregs = ast_check_realtime("sipregs");

        tablename = realtimeregs ? "sipregs" : "sippeers";
        
        snprintf(regseconds, sizeof(regseconds), "%d", (int)nowtime);   /* Expiration time */
        ast_copy_string(ipaddr, ast_inet_ntoa(sin->sin_addr), sizeof(ipaddr));
        snprintf(port, sizeof(port), "%d", ntohs(sin->sin_port));
        
        if (ast_strlen_zero(sysname))   /* No system name, disable this */
                sysname = NULL;
        else if (sip_cfg.rtsave_sysname)
                syslabel = "regserver";

        if (fc)
                ast_update_realtime(tablename, "name", peername, "ipaddr", ipaddr,
                        "port", port, "regseconds", regseconds,
                        "username", username, fc, fullcontact, syslabel, sysname, NULL); /* note fc and syslabel _can_ be NULL */
        else
                ast_update_realtime(tablename, "name", peername, "ipaddr", ipaddr,
                        "port", port, "regseconds", regseconds,
                        "username", username, syslabel, sysname, NULL); /* note syslabel _can_ be NULL */
}

/*! \brief Automatically add peer extension to dial plan */
static void register_peer_exten(struct sip_peer *peer, int onoff)
{
        char multi[256];
        char *stringp, *ext, *context;

        /* XXX note that global_regcontext is both a global 'enable' flag and
         * the name of the global regexten context, if not specified
         * individually.
         */
        if (ast_strlen_zero(global_regcontext))
                return;

        ast_copy_string(multi, S_OR(peer->regexten, peer->name), sizeof(multi));
        stringp = multi;
        while ((ext = strsep(&stringp, "&"))) {
                if ((context = strchr(ext, '@'))) {
                        *context++ = '\0';      /* split ext@context */
                        if (!ast_context_find(context)) {
                                ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "Context %s must exist in regcontext= in sip.conf!\n", context);
                                continue;
                        }
                } else {
                        context = global_regcontext;
                }
                if (onoff)
                        ast_add_extension(context, 1, ext, 1, NULL, NULL, "Noop",
                                 ast_strdup(peer->name), ast_free_ptr, "SIP");
                else
                        ast_context_remove_extension(context, ext, 1, NULL);
        }
}

static void destroy_mailbox(struct sip_mailbox *mailbox)
{
        if (mailbox->mailbox)
                ast_free(mailbox->mailbox);
        if (mailbox->context)
                ast_free(mailbox->context);
        if (mailbox->event_sub)
                ast_event_unsubscribe(mailbox->event_sub);
        ast_free(mailbox);
}

static void clear_peer_mailboxes(struct sip_peer *peer)
{
        struct sip_mailbox *mailbox;

        while ((mailbox = AST_LIST_REMOVE_HEAD(&peer->mailboxes, entry)))
                destroy_mailbox(mailbox);
}

/*! \brief Destroy peer object from memory */
static void sip_destroy_peer(struct sip_peer *peer)
{
        ast_debug(3, "Destroying SIP peer %s\n", peer->name);

        if (peer->outboundproxy)
                ast_free(peer->outboundproxy);
        peer->outboundproxy = NULL;

        /* Delete it, it needs to disappear */
        if (peer->call)
                peer->call = sip_destroy(peer->call);

        if (peer->mwipvt)       /* We have an active subscription, delete it */
                peer->mwipvt = sip_destroy(peer->mwipvt);

        if (peer->chanvars) {
                ast_variables_destroy(peer->chanvars);
                peer->chanvars = NULL;
        }
        if (peer->expire > -1)
                ast_sched_del(sched, peer->expire);

        if (peer->pokeexpire > -1)
                ast_sched_del(sched, peer->pokeexpire);
        register_peer_exten(peer, FALSE);
        ast_free_ha(peer->ha);
        if (peer->selfdestruct)
                apeerobjs--;
        else if (peer->is_realtime) {
                rpeerobjs--;
                ast_debug(3,"-REALTIME- peer Destroyed. Name: %s. Realtime Peer objects: %d\n", peer->name, rpeerobjs);
        } else
                speerobjs--;
        clear_realm_authentication(peer->auth);
        peer->auth = NULL;
        if (peer->dnsmgr)
                ast_dnsmgr_release(peer->dnsmgr);
        clear_peer_mailboxes(peer);
        ast_free(peer);
}

/*! \brief Update peer data in database (if used) */
static void update_peer(struct sip_peer *p, int expiry)
{
        int rtcachefriends = ast_test_flag(&p->flags[1], SIP_PAGE2_RTCACHEFRIENDS);
        if (sip_cfg.peer_rtupdate &&
            (p->is_realtime || rtcachefriends)) {
                realtime_update_peer(p->name, &p->addr, p->username, rtcachefriends ? p->fullcontact : NULL, expiry);
        }
}

static struct ast_variable *get_insecure_variable_from_config(struct ast_config *config)
{
        struct ast_variable *var = NULL;
        struct ast_flags flags = {0};
        char *cat = NULL;
        const char *insecure;
        while ((cat = ast_category_browse(config, cat))) {
                insecure = ast_variable_retrieve(config, cat, "insecure");
                set_insecure_flags(&flags, insecure, -1);
                if (ast_test_flag(&flags, SIP_INSECURE_PORT)) {
                        var = ast_category_root(config, cat);
                        break;
                }
        }
        return var;
}

static const char *get_name_from_variable(struct ast_variable *var, const char *newpeername)
{
        struct ast_variable *tmp;
        for (tmp = var; tmp; tmp = tmp->next) {
                if (!newpeername && !strcasecmp(tmp->name, "name"))
                        newpeername = tmp->value;
        }
        return newpeername;
}

/*! \brief  realtime_peer: Get peer from realtime storage
 * Checks the "sippeers" realtime family from extconfig.conf 
 * Checks the "sipregs" realtime family from extconfig.conf if it's configured.
*/
static struct sip_peer *realtime_peer(const char *newpeername, struct sockaddr_in *sin)
{
        struct sip_peer *peer;
        struct ast_variable *var = NULL;
        struct ast_variable *varregs = NULL;
        struct ast_variable *tmp;
        struct ast_config *peerlist = NULL;
        char ipaddr[INET_ADDRSTRLEN];
        char portstring[6]; /*up to 5 digits plus null terminator*/
        char *cat = NULL;
        unsigned short portnum;
        int realtimeregs = ast_check_realtime("sipregs");

        /* First check on peer name */
        if (newpeername) {
                var = ast_load_realtime("sippeers", "name", newpeername, NULL);
                if (realtimeregs)
                        varregs = ast_load_realtime("sipregs", "name", newpeername, NULL);
        } else if (sin) {       /* Then check on IP address for dynamic peers */
                ast_copy_string(ipaddr, ast_inet_ntoa(sin->sin_addr), sizeof(ipaddr));
                portnum = ntohs(sin->sin_port);
                sprintf(portstring, "%u", portnum);
                var = ast_load_realtime("sippeers", "host", ipaddr, "port", portstring, NULL);  /* First check for fixed IP hosts */
                if (var) {
                        if (realtimeregs) {
                                newpeername = get_name_from_variable(var, newpeername);
                                varregs = ast_load_realtime("sipregs", "name", newpeername, NULL);
                        }
                } else {
                        if (realtimeregs)
                                varregs = ast_load_realtime("sipregs", "ipaddr", ipaddr, "port", portstring, NULL); /* Then check for registered hosts */
                        else