chan_sip.c: Fix provisional_keepalive_sched_id deadlock.

chan_sip.c: Fix provisional_keepalive_sched_id deadlock.

This patch is part of a series to resolve deadlocks in chan_sip.c.

Stopping a scheduled event can result in a deadlock if the scheduled event
is running when you try to stop the event.  If you hold a lock needed by
the scheduled event while trying to stop the scheduled event then a
deadlock can happen.  The general strategy for resolving the deadlock
potential is to push the actual starting and stopping of the scheduled
events off onto the scheduler/do_monitor() thread by scheduling an
immediate one shot scheduled event.  Some restructuring may be needed
because the code may assume that the start/stop of the scheduled events is
immediate.

ASTERISK-25023

Change-Id: I98a694fd42bc81436c83aa92de03226e6e4e3f48